Table 4.

White and colored (ma+black+multicolored) phenotypes of feather coloration in S×F offspring from four S sires, with t tests

Combinations ofputative genotypes	Types of offspring	Expected ratios of white vs colored	Number of full-sibs families observed	Observed numbers of white vs. colored	White (%)	t-value	Significance
Ccee×ccee	F1	1:1	12	78:96	44.8	1.4	NS
or	F1	1:1	12	78:110	41.5	2.3	S
Ccee×ccEe	F1	1:1	12	64:108	37.2	4.9	HS
	F1	1:1	12	49:107	31.4	4.6	HS
Total				269:421	40.4	5.2	HS

S×F = Shan Ma×Putian White.

White = Yellow down color and white adult plumage. Ma = Duckling’s down pattern and color similar to that of the Shan Ma duckling.

Black = Duckling down of extended black color. Multicolored = Undefined color pattern.

t value, value of standardized normal deviate of observed white frequency (white %) to probability p = 50%.

NS, not significant (p>0.05); S, significant (p<0.05); HS, highly significant (p<0.01).