Table 1. Participant Scores for Typical Readers and Readers with Dyslexia.

		Typical Reader	Dyslexic	p-values: Typical vs.
		Group	Group	Dyslexic
N		12	12	–
Age		22.5±3.1	23.3±4.1	.61
Construct	Behavioral Measure
Cognitive Abilities	WASI – Verbal	121.17±13.04	109.00±7.31	.010
	WASI – Performance	114.67±8.2	110.58±6.05	.181
Phonological Processing	CTOPP – Elision	11.00±0.85	8.27±1.62	.0005
	CTOPP – Blending Words	11.00±1.41	8.83±2.76	.024
	CTOPP – Memory For Digits	12.33±2.71	12.27±1.49	.948
	CTOPP – Nonword Repetition	9.33±1.92	7.42±1.51	.013
Sublexical Fluenc	RAN – Numbers	112.83±5.28	105.00±6.84	.005
	RAN – Letters	112.00±3.24	102.00±7.39	.0005
	RAN – RAS	112.33±5.85	101.67±11.20	.008
Word Reading Accurac	WRMT – Word Identification	108.83±10.07	90.25±8.97	.0005
	WRMT – Word Attack	111.00±12.23	93.92±6.99	.0005
Word Reading Fluency	TOWRE – Sight Word Efficiency	103.58±8.24	85.00±6.36	.0005
	TOWRE – Phonemic Decoding Efficiency	100.17±6.83	80.83±8.94	.0005
Connected Text Reading Fluency	WJ – Reading Fluency	118.55±8.65	93.92±10.03	.0005
Connected Text Reading Comprehension	WRMT – Passage Comprehension	115.00±11.10	106.07±6.90	.031
	NDRT – Reading Comprehension	241.00±11.34	209.75±14.64	.0005
Connected Text Reading Rate	NDRT – Reading Rate	224.58±23.83	186.33±11.60	.0005
In-Scanner Task Performance
Accuracy (% correct)	Fast	81±10	64±11	.001
	Medium	94±6	83±9	.002
	Slow	95±3	92±6	.150
Reaction Time (ms)	Fast	975.39±254.72	1230.13±312.70	.040
	Medium	629.88±187.12	954.92±259.49	.002
	Slow	512.65±218.92	755.73±168.58	.006

Mean ± SD; p values below .05 are statistically significant based on two-tailed t-tests. Note: Standard scores are based on a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15 (average range of 85-115) except for the CTOPP (based on mean of 10 and a standard deviation of 3; average range of 7-13) and NDRT (based on mean of 200 and a standard deviation of 25; average range of 175-225). SD  =  Standard deviation.