Table 2.

Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence and chronic liver disease (CLD) mortality by quintiles of the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) and the alternate Mediterranean Diet Score (aMED)

	Quintile 1	Quintile 2	Quintile 3	Quintile 4	Quintile 5	P-trend*
HEI-2010	n=98,988	n=98,989	n=98,988	n=98,989	n=98,988
HCC
No. of Cases	128	107	115	87	72
Age and sex-adjusted HR (95% CI)	1.00	0.82 (0.64-1.06)	0.88 (0.69-1.14)	0.67 (0.51-0.88)	0.55 (0.41-0.74)	<0.0001
Multivariate-adjusted HR* (95% CI)	1.00	0.86 (0.66-1.11)	0.96 (0.74-1.25)	0.78 (0.59-1.04)	0.72 (0.53-0.97)	0.03
CLD
No. of Cases	295	246	205	175	132
Age and sex-adjusted HR (95% CI)	1.00	0.81 (0.69-0.96)	0.67 (0.56-0.80)	0.57 (0.47-0.69)	0.42 (0.34-0.52)	<0.0001
Multivariate-adjusted HR* (95% CI)	1.00	0.84 (0.71-1.00)	0.74 (0.62-0.89)	0.68 (0.56-0.82)	0.57 (0.46-0.71)	<0.0001
aMED	n=86,535	n=91,596	n=108,525	n=97,909	n=110,377
HCC
No. of Cases	125	112	103	83	86
Age and sex-adjusted HR (95% CI)	1.00	0.82 (0.64-1.06)	0.62 (0.48-0.80)	0.53 (0.40-0.70)	0.44 (0.34-0.59)	<0.0001
Multivariate-adjusted HR* (95% CI)	1.00	0.88 (0.68-1.13)	0.70 (0.54-0.91)	0.64 (0.48-0.86)	0.62 (0.47-0.84)	0.0002
CLD
No. of Cases	318	239	225	149	122
Age and sex-adjusted HR (95% CI)	1.00	0.69 (0.59-0.82)	0.54 (0.45-0.64)	0.38 (0.31-0.46)	0.26 (0.21-0.32)	<0.0001
Multivariate-adjusted HR* (95% CI)	1.00	0.85 (0.72-1.01)	0.76 (0.64-0.91)	0.62 (0.50-0.76)	0.52 (0.42-0.65)	<0.0001

^*Multivariable models were adjusted for age, sex, race, smoking (never, former ≤1, former >1, current ≤1, or current >1 pack/day), alcohol intake (0, >0-0.5, >0.5-1, >1-2, >2-4, or >4 drinks/day), education, BMI (<18.5, 18.5-24.9, 25.0-29.9, 30.0-34.9, or ≥35.0 kg/m²), diabetes, usual activity throughout the day, vigorous physical activity, and total energy intake.