TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of study sample
| Yoga (n=18) |
Health and Wellness (n=19) |
Wait List n=17) |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SE) | Mean (SE) | Mean (SE) | ||
| Demographics | ||||
| Age (yrs) | 53.5 (0.7) | 52.8 (0.7) | 53.5 (0.7) | 0.66 |
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||
| Race | 0.83 | |||
| White | 11 (65) | 12 (63) | 9 (52) | |
| African American | 6 (35) | 7 (37) | 8 (47) | |
| Education | ||||
| ≥ High School, < College | 10 (56) | 7 (37) | 7 (41) | 0.49 |
| ≥ College | 8 (44) | 12 (63) | 10 (59) | |
| Employed | 14 (78) | 13 (68) | 15 (88) | 0.43 |
| Hard to pay for basics | ||||
| Somewhat or very hard | 6 (33) | 6 (32) | 3 (18) | 0.55 |
| Not very hard at all | 12 (67) | 13 (68) | 14 (82) | |
| Income | ||||
| $10,000–$29,999 | 3 (17) | 6 (32) | 2 (12) | 0.50 |
| $30,000–$74,999 | 9 (50) | 6 (32) | 6 (35) | |
| ≥ $75,000 | 6 (33) | 7 (37) | 9 (53) | |
| Married/Partnered | 9 (50) | 12 (63) | 11 (65) | 0.65 |
| Current smoker | 0 (0) | 1 (5) | 1 (6) | 0.76 |
| Any exercise in past month | 15 (83) | 17 (89) | 12 (71) | 0.34 |
| Medical Characteristics | ||||
| Any comorbidity | 11 (61) | 11 (61) | 17 (100) | 0.01 |
| Hysterectomy | 7 (39) | 7 (37) | 8 (47) | 0.81 |
| Oophorectomy | ||||
| No | 11 (61) | 14 (74) | 12 (71) | 0.80 |
| One ovary removed | 2 (11) | 2 (11) | 3 (18) | |
| Both ovaries removed | 5 (28) | 3 (16) | 2 (12) | |
| Menopausal Status | ||||
| Peri | 3 (17) | 3 (16) | 2 (12) | 0.99 |
| Post | 15 (83) | 16 (84) | 15 (88) | |
| Mean (SE) | Mean (SE) | Mean (SE) | ||
| Years since last menstrual period | 2.9 (0.9) | 2.5 (0.7) | 3.8 (1.1) | 0.601 |
| Years with hot flashes | 1.6 (0.4) | 2.0 (0.4) | 2.2 (0.5) | 0.681 |
| Hot flashes per day | 9.1 (1.2) | 8.7 (1.2) | 10.1 (1.5) | 0.592 |
| Symptoms and Quality of life | ||||
| HFRDIS | 4.7 (0.5) | 4.1 (0.5) | 4.6 (0.6) | 0.72 |
| Sleep quality (GSQI) | 10.9 (0.9) | 8.5 (0.9) | 9.9 (0.9) | 0.15 |
| Depressive symptoms (CESD-10) | 10.8 (1.3) | 7.2 (1.2) | 7.3 (1.3) | 0.08 |
| Perceived stress (PSS) | 5.4 (0.9) | 3.5 (0.8) | 4.5 (0.9) | 0.27 |
| Hopkins Symptoms Check List | 1.6 (0.1) | 1.4 (0.1) | 1.7 (0.1) | 0.06 |
| Global quality of life (VAS) | 68.4 (5.4) | 73.0 (4.1) | 72.5 (4.1) | 0.68 |
| SF-36 MCS | 41.3 (2.4) | 50.5 (2.3) | 60.4 (2.5) | 0.01 |
| SF-36 PCS | 54.4 (1.3) | 54.1 (1.3) | 51.4 (1.4) | 0.22 |
1
From log-transformed data.
2
From log-transformed data adjusted for menopausal status
SE: Standard Error; HFRDIS, Hot Flash Related Daily Interference Scale; GSQI, Global Sleep Quality Index; CESD-10, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, short form; PSS, Perceived Stress Scale; SF-36, MOS 36-item Short form Health Survey; MCS, Mental Component Score; PCS, physical component score.