Table 2.

Voxel-based morphometry (VBM).

	Clinical features				Imaging
	ET and controls, age (SD)		ET	Cri	Results ET vs HC		Data analysis
Daniels et al. (2006),	14 ET–PT 54.1(13.1)	14 HC 51.1(14.6)	UE PT, UE IT	D	–	–	Whole brain, GM, WM
1.5T	13 ET–IT 61.8(10.3)	13 HC 64.7(7.0)			↑	GM ET–IT: temporoparietal junction, unilateral occipital cortex	Pcor < 0.05
Quattrone et al. (2008),	30 ET-a 61.5(16.5)	32 HC 66.2(8.1)	UE, head	D	–	–	Whole brain GM; ROI 3 lobules cerebellum
and Cerasa et al. (2009), 1.5T	20 ET-h 70.6(7.6)				↓	GM h-ET: cerebellar anterior lobe and vermis	Pcor < 0.001
Bagepally et al. (2012), 3T	10 ET 53.1(12.7) 10 ET-h 26.5(5.5)	17 HC 40.7(16.5)	UE, LE, head, voice	D	↓	GM ET bilateral cerebellum hemispheres, vermis, frontal lobes, occipital lobes	Whole brain, GM, WM, ICV Punc < 0.001
Benito-Leon et al. (2009), 3T	19 ET 69.8(9.4)	20 HC 68.9(10.0)	UE, head	Ls	↓↑	WM right cerebellum, left medulla, right parietal lobe, right limbic lobe	Whole brain GM, WM Punc < 0.001
					↓↑	GM bilaterally cerebellum, bilateral parietal lobes, right frontal lobe, right insula
Lin et al. (2013), 3T	10 ET 63.4(8.7)	13 HC 65.3(11.1)	?	–	↓	Caudate, middle temporal pole, insula, precuneus, STG	Whole brain GM (basic and DARTEL)
		10 PD 67.3(8.8)			↑	Middle temporal gyrus, precentral gyrus	Punc < 0.05

a, arm tremor; BG, basal ganglia; cor, multiple comparison corrected; Cri, criteria; D, Deuschl et al. (1998); ET, essential tremor; GM, grey matter; h(ead), head tremor; HC, healthy controls; ICV, intracranial volume; IT, intention tremor; LE, lower extremity; Ls, Louis et al. (2001); Pcor, multiple comparison correction; PD, Parkinson's disease; PT, postural tremor; SD, standard deviation; ROI, region of interest; STG, superior temporal gyrus; UE, upper extremity; Punc, multiple comparison uncorrected; voice, voice tremor; vs, versus; WM, white matter.