Table III.
Characteristics of patients with ulcerative colitis according to smoking behaviour (n = 40)
| Characteristic | Smokers (n = 10) | Former smokers (n = 16) | Non-smokers (n = 14) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Smokers (n = 10) | Former smokers (n = 16) | Non-smokers (n = 14) |
| Gender, n (%): | |||
| Female | 7 (70.0) | 9 (56.3) | 11 (78.6) |
| Age at diagnosis [years]: | |||
| Mean ± SD | 41.0 ±7.6 | 40.1 ±5.8, p = 0.05 | 40.5 ±4.7, p = 0.05 |
| Median (range) | 41.2 (31.2–56.3) | 38.3 (32.1–55.0) | 39.6 (32.1–47.3) |
| Early onset (< 40 years), n (%) | 4 (0.0) | 7 (43.8) | 7 (50.0) |
| Duration of disease [years]: | |||
| Mean ± SD | 1.8 ±1.1 | 3.2 ±1.8, p = 0.04 | 2.8 ±1.4, p = 0.05 |
| Median | 2.0 | 3.1 | 2.4 |
| Family history of IBD, n (%) | 2 (20.0) | 6 (37.5) | 5 (35.7) |
| Hospitalization, n (%): | |||
| 1 time | 3 (30.0) | 7 (43.8) | 7 (50.0) |
| At least 2 times | 2 (20.0) | 3 (18.8) | 3 (21.4) |
| Colectomy, n (%) | 1 (10.0) | 3 (18.8) | 2 (14.3) |
| 5-ASA, n (%) | 10 (100) | 15 (93.7) | 14 (100) |
| Glucocorticoids, n (%) | 6 (60.0) | 8 (62.5) | 4 (28.6) |
| Immunosuppressants, n (%) | 2 (20.0) | 4 (25.0) | 4 (28.6) |
| UC location, n (%): | |||
| Proctitis | 2 (20.0) | 5 (31.3) | 4 (28.6) |
| Left-sided | 3 (30.3) | 5 (31.3) | 5 (35.7) |
| Pancolitis | 5 (50.0) | 6 (37.4) | 5 (35.7) |
| ECCO classification, n (%): | |||
| Mild | 3 (30.0) | 0 (0.0), p = 0.01 | 1 (7.1), p = 0.03 |
| Moderate | 6 (60.0) | 9 (56.2) | 6 (42.9) |
| Severe | 1 (10.0) | 7 (43.8), p = 0.01 | 7 (50.0), p = 0.03 |
| EIM, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (18.8) | 1 (7.1) |
5-ASA – 5-aminosalicylates, ECCO – European Crohn's and Colitis Organization, EIM – extraintestinal manifestations, GI tract – gastrointestinal tract, SD – standard deviation, UC – ulcerative colitis, *p ≤ 0.05 vs. Smokers