Table 1.
Distribution and patterns of late gadolinium enhancement and other cardiac magnetic resonance findings in various types of cardiomyopathies
| Cardiomyopathies |
LGE distribution |
LGE patterns | Other CMR features | ||
| Intra-cardiac | Intra-myocardium | ||||
| Ischemic | LV regions corresponding to coronary distribution | Subendocardium to transmural | Striated, transmural | LV wall motion abnormality, wall thinning, aneurysm | |
| Non-ischemic | Dilated cardiomyopathy | Inter-ventricular septum | Mid-wall | Striated | Diffuse LV wall thinning, shortened post-contrast T1 |
| Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy | Regions with hypertrophy | Any | Patchy, striated | Asymmetrical or symmetrical LV hypertrophy | |
| End-stage HCM | Diffuse | Any | Patchy, striated, transmural | LV dilatation with Inhomogenous LV wall thickening | |
| Cardiac sarcoidosis | Any | Any | Patchy, striated, transmural | LV aneurysm, myocardial edema in T2 black blood sequences | |
| Stress cardiomyopathy | Regions with ballooning | Any | Patchy, transient | Myocardial ballooning, RV motion abnormality | |
| Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardio-myopathy/dysplasia | RV (sometimes with LV) | Any | Striated | Focal or global RV dilatation, fatty infiltration in fat suppression sequence | |
| Cardiac amyloidosis | Any | Subendocardial, transmural | Diffuse | Diffuse hypertrophy, thickened valve leaflets, prolonged native T1 | |
| Myocarditis | Any | Subepicardial | Diffuse | Myocardial edema in T2 black blood sequences, early GE, prolonged native T1 | |
| Anderson-Fabry disease | Postero-lateral LV | Mid-wall | Striated | Concentric/eccentric but non-obstructive LV hypertrophy, shortened native T1 | |
| Endomyocardial fibrosis | Inflow tract to apex | Subendocardial | Diffuse | Distorted ventricles with normal or reduced volume and enlarged atria | |
| Cardiac involvement in SSc | Any | Any | Any | ||
| LV non-compaction | NA | NA | NA | High non-compacted/compacted myocardial ratio | |
| Iron-overload cardio- myopathy (cardiac hemochromatosis) | NA | NA | NA | Shortened T2-star | |
LV: Left ventricular; LGE: Late gadolinium enhancement; CMR: Cardiac magnetic resonance; RV: Right ventricular; NA: No available information; ICM: Ischemic; NICM: Non-ischemic; DCM: Dilated cardiomyopathy; HCM: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.