Primary neonatal mixed glial cells were treated with various doses of either CGRP (0, 25, 100, 1000 or 4000 ng ml−1; n = 4–10 per group) or stimulatory anti-CD40 (0, 0.1, 1 or 10 μg ml−1; n = 9–13 per group) for 24 or 48 h. Supernatants were collected and analyzed for a panel of proinflammatory mediators. Data for IL-6 (A–D) and CCL2 (E–H) are presented as mean ± SEM. Within each graph, * indicates the significant differences between the indicated group and the non-treated control group; # indicates the significant differences between the indicated group and all other groups within the graph. In (F), there are significant differences between groups indicated with an ‘a’ and groups indicated with a ‘b’.