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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Healthc (Amst). 2013 Dec 1;1(3-4):100–107. doi: 10.1016/j.hjdsi.2013.05.005

Table 2.

Annual per-beneficiary change in payments associated with PGPDa.

N Total payments (95% CI) Acute care payments (95% CI) Cancer-specific payments (95% CI) Imaging payments (95% CI) Procedures payments (95% CI) Hospice payments (95% CI)
AH PGPD Participants 988,781 −$720.89 (−969, −473) −$736.62 (−936, −538) $144.76 (79, 210) −$12.63 (−43, 18) $23.22 (−12, 58) −$83.88 (−138,−30)
Billings clinic 17,579 −612.75 (−718, −507) −1401.45 (−1482, −1321) 117.69 (90, 145) −28.95 (−43, −15) −234.67 (−260, −209) −23.75 (−49, 1)
Dartmouth-Hitchcock clinic 84,085 −384.61 (−539, −230) −508.14 (−669, −347) 148.40 (92, 205) 78.26 (60, 97) 128.07 (90,166) 4.50 (−43, 52)
Everett clinic 94,174 −417.26 (−576, −258) −216.36 (−338, −95) 460.98 (408, 514) −84.98 (−110, −60) 179.71 (143, 217) −430.66 (−490, −371)
Forsyth medical group 58,527 1111.78 (836, 1388) 882.69 (626, 1139) −49.48 (−132, 33) −4.43 (−43, 34) 84.46 (10,159) 77.27 (−10,165)
Geisinger clinic 115,997 149.04 (0, 298) −257.28 (−394, −121) −69.50 (−113, −26) 23.07 (5, 41) −207.11 (−240, −174) −24.70 (−63, 13)
Marshfield clinic 43,212 −612.66 (−883, −342) −487.38 (−703, −271) 314.78 (245, 385) −196.55 (−229, −164) −20.56 (−53,12) −146.77 (−195, −98)
Middlesex health system 146,635 −32.15 (−179,115) 43.01 (−62, 148) −311.96 (−348, −276) 50.63 (35, 67) 170.10 (148, 192) 13.91 (−18, 46)
Park Nicollet clinic 74,500 −447.96 (−690, −206) −345.11 (−532, −158) 210.36 (149, 272) −0.37 (−31, 31) 223.50 (202, 245) 133.57 (84, 183)
St. John's clinic 46,557 −1289.91 (−1731, −0.849) −640.68 (−0.965, −0.316) 75.84 (−33,185) −35.04 (−90, 20) −108.98 (−141, −77) −241.66 (−326, −157)
University of Michigan Faculty group practice 307,515 −3526.58 (−3709, −3344) −3732.14 (−3891, −3573) 535.31 (501, 570) 99.18 (82, 116) 204.42 (174, 235) −196.17 (−229, −163)

PGPD=Physician Group Practice Demonstration, CI=Confidence Interval INotes: Spending is inflated to 2009 US dollars using the gross domestic product deflator. Negative estimates represent savings. Estimates derived from a linear model adjusting for area-year indicators, age, black race, woman, Medicaid eligibility, disability, cancer type, and indicator for metastatic cancer. The model adjusts for zip code-level rates of poverty and high income. The model adjusts for the rate of low-variation conditions for each of the 10 local areas for each year separately for treatment and control groups. Low-variation condition rate is the number of individuals experiencing the conditions hip fracture, stroke, and acute myocardial infarction per thousand Medicare beneficiaries Source: Author analyses of Medicare claims files, 2001-2005 (20% sample), 2006-2009 (100%)