Table 2.
Summary of outcome measures for smoking and their results
| Smoking | Duration of abstinence, measured | Study identifier (author, year, first page No; see table A on bmj.com for references) | Design | % abstinent (of all participants who started the intervention) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| For 7 days at 3 months | Feil 2003-189 | Before and after study | 18% | |
| For 7 days at 4 and 12 weeks after enrolment | Johs-Artisensi 2002-Thesis | RCT | 4%, 30% (NS)* | |
| For at least 3 months | Schneider 1986-274 | Before and after study | 31% | |
| For at least 3 months | Schneider 1986-277 | Before and after study | 25% | |
| After 1, 3, and 6 months | Schneider 1990-141 (“pure” peer to peer intervention) | RCT | 6.8%, 5.5%, 9.3% (NR)† | |
| In the past week at baseline, after the intervention, and 1 month after intervention | Woodruff 2001-239 | Before and after study | 7.7%, 15.4%, 23.1% |
*
NS=not significant at P<0.05 level. Compared with brochure only (18%, 32%). Authors also report 24 hour abstinence rates.
†
Abstinence rates at each of the three points in time in the arm with peer to peer group and minimal psychoeducational intervention, compared with abstinence rates in the control arm (no peer to peer group and minimal psychoeducational intervention), which were 3.6%, 2.9%; and 7.6%. NR=significance level for this comparison not reported.