Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of Patients With or Without Diabetes.
| Diabetes (N=633) |
No Diabetes (N=1075) |
P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age (years) | 65.4 (59.7, 71.3) | 65.2 (58.7, 72.5) | 0.784 |
| Female | 119 (19%) | 180 (17%) | 0.280 |
| Minority (Hispanic or non-Caucasian) | 68 (11%) | 88 (8%) | 0.077 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 31.8 (28.0, 36.0) | 28.8 (25.9, 32.3) | <0.001 |
| History | |||
| Time from qualifying MI to randomization (years)* | 4.5 (1.5, 9.2) | 4.6 (1.8, 9.2) | 0.467 |
| Anterior MI | 239 (38%) | 435 (40%) | 0.269 |
| Congestive heart failure | 145 (23%) | 162 (15%) | < 0.001 |
| Valvular heart disease | 68 (11%) | 107 (10%) | 0.570 |
| Stroke | 51 (8%) | 60 (6%) | 0.045 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 136 (22%) | 132 (12%) | < 0.001 |
| Hypertension | 494 (78%) | 675 (63%) | < 0.001 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 528 (85%) | 842 (80%) | 0.013 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 85 (14%) | 110 (11%) | 0.041 |
| Former cigarette smoker | 354 (56%) | 601 (56%) | 0.994 |
| Coronary revascularization | |||
| CABG | 313 (49%) | 461 (43%) | 0.008 |
| PCI | 353 (56%) | 654 (61%) | 0.040 |
| Either CABG or PCI | 515 (81%) | 899 (84%) | 0.230 |
| Presenting Characteristics | |||
| Blood Pressure | |||
| Systolic | 130 (120, 140) | 130 (118, 140) | 0.094 |
| Diastolic | 74 (68, 80) | 77 (70, 81) | 0.001 |
| Concomitant Medications | |||
| Aspirin | 531 (84%) | 896 (83%) | 0.772 |
| Beta-blocker | 477 (75%) | 749 (70%) | 0.012 |
| Statin | 479 (76%) | 769 (72%) | 0.063 |
| ACE or ARB | 460 (73%) | 624 (58%) | < 0.001 |
| Clopidogrel | 161 (27%) | 264 (25%) | 0.642 |
| Warfarin | 65 (11%) | 83 (8%) | 0.070 |
| Aspirin, warfarin or clopidogrel | 582 (92%) | 970 (91%) | 0.202 |
| Diabetes medication | |||
| Insulin | 160 (26%) | 0 (0%) | < 0.001 |
| Oral hypoglycemic | 380 (61%) | 0 (0%) | < 0.001 |
| Multivitamin | 242 (40%) | 473 (45%) | 0.026 |
| Other vitamins/minerals | 292 (47%) | 560 (53%) | 0.020 |
| Herbal products | 190 (31%) | 370 (36%) | 0.088 |
| Laboratory Examinations | |||
| Fasting Glucose (mmol/L) | 7.3 (6, 9) | 5.4 (5, 5.8) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 97.2 (79.6, 114.9) | 97.2 (79.6, 106.1) | 0.030 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.2 (3.6, 5) | 4.3 (3.7, 5.1) | 0.047 |
| HDL (mmol/L) | 1.1 (0.9, 1.2) | 1.1 (0.9, 1.3) | <0.001 |
| LDL (mmol/L) | 2.1 (1.6, 2.9) | 2.3 (1.8, 3) | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.7 (1.2, 2.6) | 1.5 (1, 2.1) | <0.001 |
*
Median, 25th and 75th percentiles are reported for all continuous variables.
†
BMI = Body Mass Index, MI = Myocardial Infarcction, CABG = Coronary Artery Bypass Graft, PCI = Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, ACEi = Angiotensin Converting Enzyme inhibitor, ARB = Angiotensin Receptor Blocker, HLD = High density Lipoprotein; LDL = Low density Lipoprotein.