Table 1.
Sociodemographic, Hospital, Clinical, Tumor, and Treatment Variables Associated with Thirty-Day Mortality in Colorectal Cancer Patients Following Surgery, 2000–2005 (Unadjusted)
| No. CRC Patients | No. Deaths | 30-day Mortality, % (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic characteristic | |||
| Sex* | |||
| Male | 20,350 | 1,405 | 6.9 (6.6–7.3) |
| Female | 27,101 | 1,721 | 6.4 (6.1–6.6) |
| Race*† | |||
| White | 40,718 | 2,702 | 6.6 (6.4–6.9) |
| African American | 3,644 | 270 | 7.4 (6.6–8.3) |
| Hispanic | 725 | 42 | 5.8 (4.1–7.5) |
| Other | 796 | 35 | 4.4 (3.0–5.8) |
| Asian | 1,398 | 62 | 4.4 (3.4–5.5) |
| Comorbidity* | |||
| 0 | 20,500 | 1,079 | 5.3 (5.0–5.6) |
| 1 | 13,841 | 890 | 6.4 (6.0–6.8) |
| 2+ | 13,110 | 1,157 | 8.8 (8.3–9.3) |
| Medicaid (dual eligibility)* | |||
| Yes | 7,809 | 630 | 8.1 (7.5–8.7) |
| No | 39,642 | 2,496 | 6.3 (6.1–6.5) |
| Age group* | |||
| 66–74 | 17,170 | 684 | 4.0 (3.7–4.3) |
| 75–84 | 21,462 | 1,321 | 6.2 (5.8–6.5) |
| 85+ | 8,819 | 1,121 | 12.7 (12.0–13.4) |
| Year of diagnosis | |||
| 2000 | 8,022 | 585 | 7.3 (6.7–7.9) |
| 2001 | 7,972 | 531 | 6.7 (6.1–7.2) |
| 2002 | 8,035 | 493 | 6.1 (5.6–6.7) |
| 2003 | 8,169 | 548 | 6.7 (6.2–7.3) |
| 2004 | 7,899 | 500 | 6.3 (5.8–6.9) |
| 2005 | 7,354 | 469 | 6.4 (5.8–6.9) |
| Area-level characteristics | |||
| Poverty rate* | |||
| <10% | 27,478 | 1,620 | 5.9 (5.6–6.2) |
| 10–19% | 12,048 | 874 | 7.3 (6.8–7.7) |
| 20+% | 7,677 | 615 | 8.0 (7.4–8.6) |
| Hospital characteristics | |||
| Hospital volume (beds)* | |||
| 1–199 | 12,003 | 890 | 7.4 (7.0–7.9) |
| 200–349 | 13,471 | 905 | 6.7 (6.3–7.1) |
| 350–499 | 11,199 | 711 | 6.4 (5.9–6.8) |
| 500+ | 10,763 | 619 | 5.8 (5.3–6.2) |
| Surgeon case load* | |||
| <21 | 11,070 | 830 | 7.5 (7.0–8.0) |
| 21–38 | 10,352 | 702 | 6.8 (6.3–7.3) |
| 39–69 | 10,126 | 628 | 6.2 (5.7–6.7) |
| 70+ | 10,312 | 494 | 4.8 (4.4–5.2) |
| Unknown | 5,581 | 472 | 8.5 (7.7–9.2) |
| Teaching hospital* | |||
| Yes | 23,696 | 1,426 | 6.0 (5.7–6.3) |
| No | 16,706 | 1,185 | 7.1 (6.7–7.5) |
| Unknown | 7,049 | 515 | 7.3 (6.7–7.9) |
| Tumor characteristics | |||
| AJCC stage* | |||
| 0/I | 10,911 | 339 | 3.1 (2.8–3.4) |
| II | 14,929 | 870 | 5.8 (5.5–6.2) |
| III | 12,542 | 662 | 5.3 (4.9–5.7) |
| IV | 6,468 | 976 | 15.1 (14.2–16.0) |
| Unknown | 2,601 | 279 | 10.7 (9.5–11.9) |
| Tumor grade/differentiation* | |||
| Well | 3,916 | 200 | 5.1 (4.4–5.8) |
| Moderate | 30,397 | 1,680 | 5.5 (5.3–5.8) |
| Poor | 9,307 | 809 | 8.7 (8.1–9.3) |
| Undifferentiated | 507 | 59 | 11.6 (8.9–14.4) |
| Unknown | 3,324 | 378 | 11.4 (10.3–12.5) |
| Tumor location* | |||
| Proximal colon | 18,334 | 1,151 | 6.3 (5.9–6.6) |
| Transverse colon | 7,039 | 563 | 8.0 (7.4–8.6) |
| Distal colon | 12,734 | 929 | 7.3 (6.8–7.8) |
| Rectal | 9,344 | 483 | 5.2 (4.7–5.6) |
| Tumor histology* | |||
| Mucinous adenocarcinoma | 40,434 | 2,525 | 6.2 (6.0–6.5) |
| Other adenocarcinoma | 5,967 | 418 | 7.0 (6.4–7.7) |
| Nonadenocarcinoma | 1,050 | 183 | 17.4 (15.1–19.7) |
| Treatment characteristics | |||
| Emergency surgery* | |||
| Yes | 11,845 | 1,518 | 12.8 (12.2–13.4) |
| No | 35,606 | 1,608 | 4.5 (4.3–4.7) |
| Type of surgery* | |||
| Local tumor excision | 962 | 50 | 5.2 (3.8–6.6) |
| Partial colectomy | 18,690 | 1,049 | 5.6 (5.3–5.9) |
| Subtotal colectomy or hemicolectomy | 22,603 | 1,363 | 6.0 (5.7–6.3) |
| Total (procto)colectomy | 1,782 | 105 | 5.9 (4.8–7.0) |
| Colectomy NOS | 955 | 91 | 9.5 (7.7–11.4) |
| Other surgery | 187 | 16 | 8.6 (4.6–12.6) |
| Unknown surgery | 2,227 | 452 | 19.9 (18.3–21.5) |
*
p < .01; CI, confidence interval.
†
Native American not included for confidentiality reasons.