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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2014 May 23;53:202–207. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2014.05.019

Figure 1. Differentiation and metabolism of monocytes and tissue macrophages.

Figure 1

The circulating monocyte is shown exiting the vasculature and proceeding into the tissue and differentiating into a tissue macrophage (M0). These cells utilize oxidative phosphorylation to meet their energetic demand. Upon differentiation, the cytokine and pathogen environment directs their fate to either the M1 or M2 phenotype in the presence of TNFα, PAMPS, INFγ, or TGFβ and IL-10, respectively. M1 macrophages rely on glycolysis for energy production and as such have a lower ratio of oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis. On the other hand, M2 macrophages preferentially utilize oxidative phosphorylation, and so have a higher ratio of oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis.