Table 1.
Sociodemographic and health characteristics of study sample
| Variable | Males | Females | Total | p Value (χ2) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Per cent | (N) | Per cent | (N) | Per cent | (N) | ||
| Age (group) | |||||||
| <25 | 3.9 | (5) | 19.7 | (95) | 16.4 | (100) | <0.001 |
| 25–29 | 7.8 | (10) | 27.0 | (130) | 22.9 | (140) | |
| 30–39 | 46.5 | (60) | 34.6 | (167) | 37.2 | (227) | |
| 40 or over | 41.9 | (54) | 18.7 | (90) | 23.6 | (144) | |
| Marital status | |||||||
| Single | 7.0 | (9) | 5.6 | (27) | 5.9 | (36) | <0.001 |
| Married | 54.3 | (70) | 33.6 | (162) | 38.0 | (232) | |
| Has partner | 31.8 | (41) | 47.1 | (227) | 43.9 | (268) | |
| Widowed/divorced/separated | 7.0 | (9) | 13.7 | (66) | 12.3 | (75) | |
| Education | |||||||
| No education | 11.6 | (15) | 6.6 | (32) | 7.7 | (47) | 0.033 |
| 0–7 years (primary) | 24.0 | (31) | 27.2 | (131) | 26.5 | (162) | |
| 8–12 years (secondary) | 53.5 | (69) | 60.6 | (292) | 59.1 | (361) | |
| ≥12 years (college) | 10.9 | (14) | 5.6 | (27) | 6.7 | (41) | |
| Religion | |||||||
| No religion | 12.4 | (16) | 2.1 | (10) | 4.3 | (26) | <0.001 |
| Protestant or Pentecostal | 42.6 | (55) | 61.8 | (298) | 57.8 | (353) | |
| Catholic | 6.2 | (8) | 7.3 | (35) | 7.0 | (43) | |
| Zionist | 38.8 | (50) | 28.8 | (139) | 30.9 | (189) | |
| Current pregnancy (or partner pregnancy) | |||||||
| Yes | 1.6 | (2) | 18.3 | (88) | 14.7 | (90) | <0.001 |
| Type of client | |||||||
| Pre-ART | 10.1 | (13) | 11.8 | (57) | 11.5 | (70) | 0.002 |
| ART initiation | 1.6 | (2) | 4.8 | (23) | 4.1 | (25) | |
| ART refill | 71.3 | (92) | 63.3 | (305) | 65.0 | (397) | |
| ART user consult | 17.1 | (22) | 11.8 | (57) | 12.9 | (79) | |
| PMTCT (either pre-ART or on ART) | 0.0 | (0) | 8.3 | (40) | 6.5 | (40) | |
| Clinic attended | |||||||
| Fully integrated SRH-HIV | 13.2 | (17) | 11.4 | (55) | 11.8 | (72) | 0.009 |
| Partially integrated SRH-HIV | 15.5 | (20) | 30.3 | (146) | 27.2 | (166) | |
| Partially stand-alone HIV clinic | 36.4 | (47) | 28.2 | (136) | 30.0 | (183) | |
| Fully stand-alone HIV clinic | 34.9 | (45) | 30.1 | (145) | 31.1 | (190) | |
| Months since clinic enrolment | |||||||
| <6 months | 41.1 | (53) | 36.9 | (178) | 37.8 | (231) | 0.245 |
| 6 months–2 years | 45.7 | (59) | 43.6 | (210) | 44.0 | (269) | |
| >2 years | 13.2 | (17) | 19.5 | (94) | 18.2 | (111) | |
| On ART | |||||||
| Yes | 89.1 | (115) | 80.1 | (386) | 82.0 | (501) | 0.017 |
| Partner HIV concordancy | |||||||
| Partner status unknown | 27.9 | (36) | 42.1 | (203) | 39.1 | (239) | <0.001 |
| Partner positive | 44.2 | (57) | 28.2 | (136) | 31.6 | (193) | |
| Partner negative | 16.3 | (21) | 8.9 | (43) | 10.5 | (64) | |
| No regular partner or won't disclose their status | 11.6 | (15) | 20.7 | (100) | 18.8 | (115) | |
| Total | 100.0 | (129) | 100.0 | (482) | 100.0 | (611) | |
ART, antiretroviral therapy; PMTCT, preventing mother-to-child transmission; SRH, sexual and reproductive health