The proliferation of H22 cell alone or after co-cultured with (A) monocytes or (B) lymphocytes, and treated with 1,25(OH)2D3, IL-6 anti-body or NSC 74859, respectively. (C) Gross appearances of representative livers with VDR gene silenced tumor cell transplantation in vehicle, NSC74589 or 1,25(OH)2D3 treated 1α(ase)−/− mice (n=6). (D) Immunoblotting results of p21, p27 and p53 protein levels of monocytes or lymphocytes from WT mice when co-cultured with tumor cells and treated with or without 1,25(OH)2D3. The results are representative of at least 3 independent samples. *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001.