Table 4.

Relation of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) subtype with the presence of other comorbid disorders in treatment-seeking substance use disorder (SUD) patients^a.

	Current depression		Current (hypo)mania		Antisocial PD		Borderline PD
	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
ADHD inattentive subtype versus no ADHDb	3.04**	1.50–6.18	2.68	0.76–9.40	1.57	0.74 −3.31	5.04***	2.28–11.12
ADHD hyperactive/imp subtype versus no ADHDb	1.05	0.47–2.31	3.64**	1.22–10.82	2.34**	1.16–4.73	4.02***	1.82–8.88
ADHD combined subtype versus no ADHDb	2.64**	1.43–4.86	6.57***	2.61–16.6	4.51***	2.46–8.27	5.08***	2.61–9.89

^aMulti-level logistic regression with site as level 2 variable and random slope. Comorbid disorder [depression/(hypo)mania/antisocial personality disorder (APD)/borderline] as dependent variable and subtype of ADHD as independent variable, with no ADHD as reference category. σ²_u [standard error (SE)] depression 0.45 (0.24); (hypo)mania, 3.23 (1.62); APD 0.41 (0.21); borderline personality disorder 0.73 (0.35), all σ_u² in logit scale. All odds ratios (ORs) adjusted for age, gender, marital status, housing, employment status and primary substance of abuse (alcohol/drugs).

^**P< 0.01;

^***P< 0.001.

^bno ADHD adulthood n = 982, ADHD adulthood attention deficit subtype n = 44, ADHD adulthood hyperactive and impulsive subtype n = 46 and ADHD adulthood combined subtype n = 65. Total n = 1137 due to missing values on covariates.