Table 4.
Motor-behavioral assessment and acquired developmental milestones: expressive and receptive communication
|
Developmental skill |
Parameter estimate ± Standard error, from the generalized estimating equation after adjusting for age at enrollment (Skill not gained vs. gained) |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| Classic | Atypical better | Atypical poorer | |
| Fix and follow |
−2.3 ± 2.2 (p = 0.287) |
8.4 ± 3.0 (p = 0.005) |
2.7 ± 6.4 (p = 0.679) |
| Quiet to voice |
1.6 ± 1.5 (p = 0.269) |
4.3 ± 3.2 (p = 0.184) |
7.5 ± 3.3 (p = 0.025) |
| Inhibit to no |
5.2 ± 1.0 (p < 0.0001) |
1.6 ± 2.9 (p = 0.586) |
5.1 ± 2.5 (p = 0.038) |
| Follow command with gesture |
4.1 ± 0.9 (p < 0.0001) |
6.8 ± 2.6 (p = 0.010) |
0.1 ± 3.2 (p = 0.972) |
| Follow command with no gesture |
3.5 ± 1.0 (p = 0.0002) |
4.2 ± 2.6 (p = 0.102) |
−2.4 ± 3.0 (p = 0.430) |
| Social smile |
10.0 ± 2.9 (p = 0.0007) |
N.A. |
1.7 ± 1.6 (p = 0.299) |
| Coo |
2.6 ± 1.8 (p = 0.152) |
13.2 ± 2.4 (p < 0.0001) |
−2.3 ± 2.8 (p = 0.423) |
| Babble |
3.0 ± 2.2 (p = 0.165) |
−2.3 ± 2.8 (p = 0.410) |
6.4 ± 3.9 (p = 0.097) |
| Single words |
6.3 ± 1.1 (p < 0.0001) |
7.0 ± 1.8 (p = 0.0001) |
3.0 ± 2.3 (p = 0.194) |
| Phrases |
7.3 ± 1.2 (p < 0.0001) |
2.9 ± 2.5 (p = 0.248) |
11.8 ± 1.7 (p < 0.0001) |
| Gestures |
2.8 ± 0.9 (p = 0.003) |
6.5 ± 2.4 (p = 0.007) |
3.1 ± 2.3 (p = 0.191) |
| Points for wants | 7.2 ± 1.1 (p < 0.0001) | 8.1 ± 2.3 (p = 0.0004) | 4.4 ± 6.4 (p = 0.490) |