FIGURE 1.

Contemporary approaches and the hypnotic approach as a function of the taxonomy that differentiates subliminal processing, reflecting perceptual failures, from preconscious processing, reflecting attentional failures. During subliminal processing: contemporary approaches utilize bottom-up competition between sensory inputs to exploit the limits of perception, prevent global broadcast of incoming signals and induce conscious suppression; while the hypnotic approach harness top-down processes to modulate lower perceptual processes and suppress sensory inputs. During preconscious processing: both contemporary approaches and the hypnotic approach prevent global broadcast by hindering top-down amplification of incoming sensory signals.