Table 3.
Circulating cytokines and adipose tissue gene expression in juvenile offspring
| CON/CON | CON/HF | HF+IR/CON | HF+IR/HF | Diet effects |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal | Postweaning | INT | |||||
| Adipose mRNA gene expression | |||||||
| n | 12 | 9 | 5 | 10 | |||
| CD68 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.50 | <0.05 | 0.16 |
| IL6 | 1.0 ± 0.5 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.51 | 0.31 | 0.47 |
| TLR4 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.54 | <0.05 | 0.65 |
| MCP1 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 0.41 | 0.19 | 0.89 |
| IL1B | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 0.44 | 0.66 | 0.87 |
| TNFA | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.7 ± 0.1 | 0.39 | 0.65 | 0.98 |
| NLRP3 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 2.0 ± 0.1 | 0.49 | 0.89 | 0.79 |
| SERCA2 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 0.06 | 0.89 | 0.96 |
| Plasma cytokine concentrations* | |||||||
| n | 4 | 5 | 3 | 4 | |||
| IL-2 | 226 ± 158 | 65 ± 17 | 57 ± 5 | 84 ± 29 | 0.38 | 0.43 | 0.27 |
| IL-8 | 7,133 ± 1,366 | 8,895 ± 336 | 8,868 ± 475 | 7,438 ± 943 | 0.87 | 0.85 | 0.09 |
| IL-12 | 1,142 ± 114 | 930 ± 73 | 991 ± 114 | 941 ± 103 | 0.49 | 0.22 | 0.43 |
| MCP1 | 1,541 ± 180 | 1,596 ± 85 | 1,570 ± 135 | 1,484 ± 101 | 0.75 | 0.90 | 0.59 |
| sCD40L | 5,305 ± 1,082 | 4,728 ± 516 | 4,790 ± 752 | 5,357 ± 155 | 0.95 | 0.99 | 0.54 |
| Transforming growth factor-α | 208 ± 64 | 216 ± 53 | 176 ± 20 | 137 ± 21 | 0.28 | 0.76 | 0.63 |
*
Values are arbitrary units. Other cytokines, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interferon-γ, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α, and vascular endothelial growth factor, were below detectable levels. INT, interaction.