Table 2.

Inhibitors of signal 1 and 2 and [14], [16], [17], [23], [25], [28], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40].

Agent	Inhibition of	Safety data
Signal 1
Eritoran [14]	TLR4 (selective)	Yes
Glycyrrhizin [16,17]	HMGB1	Yes
Ethyl pyruvate [23]	TLR4	Yes
Melatonin [25]	TLR4	Yes
Curcumin [28]	TLR4	Yes
Anti-HMGB1 Ab	HMGB1	No
IRS954	TLR7 and 9	No
Signal 2
GS-9450 [36]	Caspase 1	Yes
A438079	P2X7	No
Febuxostat [37]	Xanthine oxidase	Yes
Allopurinol [38]	Xanthine oxidase	Yes
Downstream signals
Anakinra [39]	IL-1R	Yes
Fostamatinib [40]	Syk	Yes