Table 1.
The demographic characteristics of asthmatics and controls
| Asthma N a = 628 | Control N a = 628 | P value d | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years)b |
51.44 ± 14.13 |
50.42 ± 11.84 |
0.522 |
| Sex |
|
|
|
| Male |
289 (46.0%) |
289 (46.0%) |
1.000 |
| Female |
339 (54.0%) |
339 (54.0%) |
|
| Height (cm)b |
162.15 ± 8.33 |
161.82 ± 8.28 |
0.481 |
| Weight (kg)b |
66.56 ± 12.47 |
63.04 ± 11.86 |
<0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2)ab |
25.27 ± 4.07 |
23.95 ± 3.40 |
<0.001 |
| WC (cm)ab |
86.93 ± 11.18 |
78.58 ± 9.51 |
<0.001 |
| Hips (cm)b |
99.33 ± 8.88 |
95.74 ± 6.62 |
<0.001 |
| WHRab |
0.88 ± 0.08 |
0.82 ± 0.08 |
<0.001 |
| IgE (IU/mL)b |
262.04 ± 584.65 |
128.07 ± 291.48 |
<0.001c |
| YKL-40 (ng/mL)b |
112.84 ± 111.56 |
95.65 ± 101.46 |
0.005c |
| Lung functionb |
|
|
|
| FEV1%, pred |
81.75 ± 21.53 |
92.17 ± 16.41 |
<0.001 |
| FVC%, pred |
85.75 ± 21.31 |
97.36 ± 17.05 |
<0.001 |
| FEV1/FVC ratio |
0.96 ± 0.15 |
0.95 ± 0.12 |
0.843 |
| Smokers |
|
|
|
| Current |
69 (11.1%) |
82 (13.1%) |
<0.001 |
| Past |
99 (15.9%) |
44 (7.0%) |
|
| Never |
456 (73.1%) |
502 (79.9%) |
|
| Drinking habits |
|
|
|
| Current |
72 (11.5%) |
60 (9.7%) |
0.012 |
| Past |
38 (6.1%) |
18 (2.9%) |
|
| Never |
515 (82.4%) |
541 (87.4%) |
|
| Indoor environmental factors |
|
|
|
| Pets (dogs, cats, birds) |
190 (30.4%) |
103 (21.5%) |
0.001 |
| Appearance of cockroaches |
491 (%) |
(%) |
|
| Air cleaner |
102 (16.3%) |
66 (13.8%) |
0.245 |
| Dehumidifiers |
140 (22.5%) |
111(23.4%) |
0.737 |
| Carpet |
26 (4.2%) |
18 (3.8%) |
0.752 |
| Mold in walls |
108(17.3%) |
98(20.6%) |
0.171 |
| Indoor incense burning |
402 (64.5%) |
215 (45.2%) |
<0.001 |
| Asthma history for father, yes |
69 (11.2%) |
23 (4.6%) |
<0.001 |
| Asthma history for mother, yes | 51 (8.2%) | 17 (3.4%) | <0.001 |
aAbbreviations:BMI body mass index, WC waist circumference, WHR waist-to-hips ratio, N number of individuals.
bValues are expressed as the means ± standard deviation (SD) unless otherwise stated.
cThe P value of the IgE and YKL-40 serum levels was determined by t test after log-transformation.
dThe P value was calculated for the continuous variables by the t test, and the χ2 test was used for the categorical variable.