Table 4.
Studies examining the energy and macronutrient intake of soccer players according to their playing position on the field.
| Nutrients | Innocencio da Silva Gomes et al. 2006 [102] * | Conejos et al. 2011 [103] b | Iglesias-Gutiérrez et al. 2012 [43] | Imamura et al. 2013 [101] 1 | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full-Backs (n = 3) | Midfielders (n = 2) | Forwards (n = 6) | Goalkeepers (n = 3) | Defenders (n = 6) | Midfielders (n = 6) | Forwards (n = 7) | Goalkeepers (n = 12) | Full-Backs (n = 12) | Centre-Backs (n = 15) | Midfielders (n = 24) | Wingers (n = 12) | Forwards (n = 12) | Defenders (n = 16) | Offenders (n = 15) | |
| Energy intake (kcal) | 3384 ± 1128 | 4294 ± 651 | 3832 ± 1245 | 2915.9 ± 1099.4 | 3537.3 ± 621.4 | 3346.1 ± 1481.8 | 3035.4 ± 693.1 | 2600 ± 641 | 2766 ± 452 | 2771 ± 582 | 2855 ± 475 | 2881 ± 385 | 2779 ± 659 | 2996 ± 949 | 2815 ± 716 |
| Proteins | |||||||||||||||
| g | 193.7 ± 6.2 | 231.9 ± 30.0 | 200.1 ± 63.1 | 142.8 ± 100.1 | 144.5 ± 19.9 | 144.8 ± 56.9 | 138.7 ± 27.5 | 115 ± 29 | 117 ± 24 | 120 ± 21 | 117 ± 21 | 118 ± 22 | 115 ± 27 | 84.4 ± 32.0 | 76.3 ± 21.3 |
| g/kg BM | 3.0 ± 1.1 | 3.1 ± 0.8 | 3.2 ± 0.9 | - | - | - | - | 1.5 ± 0.4 | 1.7 ± 0.4 | 1.7 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 0.3 | 1.7 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 0.3 | - | - |
| % energy | 23 a | 21 a | 21 a | 17.9 | 16.9 | 17.8 | 18.4 | 18 ± 2 | 17 ± 2 | 17 ± 2 | 16 ± 3 | 16 ± 2 | 17 ± 2 | - | - |
| CHO | |||||||||||||||
| g | 401.8 ± 135.4 | 515.5 ± 72.5 | 505.3 ± 156.3 | 320.3 ± 11.9 | 419.1 ± 98.3 | 382.1 ± 187.2 | 342.5 ± 92.9 | 304 ± 35 | 346 ± 58 | 313 ± 65 | 352 ± 72 | 352 ± 34 | 342 ± 92 | 456.3 ± 145.0 | 409.9 ± 98.1 |
| g/kg BM | 6.2 ± 2.4 | 7.0 ± 1.9 | 8.1 ± 2.2 | - | - | - | - | 3.9 ± 1.0 | 4.9 ± 1.0 | 4.3 ± 1.1 | 4.9 ± 1.3 | 4.9 ± 0.8 | 4.6 ± 1.2 | - | - |
| % energy | 48 a | 49 a | 53 a | 17.9 | 44.2 | 48.4 | 44.8 | 44 ± 3 | 47 ± 5 | 42 ± 4 | 46 ± 6 | 46 ± 4 | 46 ± 6 | - | - |
| Lipids | |||||||||||||||
| g | - | - | - | 109.8 ± 45.3 | 124.5 ± 36.1 | 131.6 ± 62.6 | 120.3 ± 59.6 | 111 ± 32 | 110 ± 28 | 124 ± 34 | 118 ± 32 | 121 ± 21 | 115 ± 35 | - | - |
| % energy | 29 a | 30 a | 26 a | 34.9 | 32.2 | 35.6 | 34.7 | 38 ± 4 | 36 ± 5 | 40 ± 4 | 37 ± 6 | 38 ± 3 | 37 ± 6 | - | - |
| MUFA | - | - | - | 13.7 | 13.1 | 14.4 | 10.7 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| PUFA | - | - | - | 6.9 | 5.9 | 5.5 | 8.1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 17.7 ± 5.8 | 20.4 ± 5.2 |
| SFA | - | - | - | 10.8 | 10.5 | 12.7 | 11.9 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 44.7 ± 12.9 | 49.3 ± 14.3 |
BM: Body mass; CHO: carbohydrates; MUFA: Monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA: Polyunsaturated fatty acids; SFA: Saturated fatty acids. Unless stated otherwise, data are presented as Mean ± Standard deviation: a Mean; b No information was provided for the authors about how the results are reported. Unless stated otherwise, MUFA, PUFA, and SFA intake are referred as percentage of total energy intake: 1 intakes expressed as g/day. * One goalkeeper was also analyzed but not included in the results. All data about energy intake have been converted to kcal. Blank cells indicate that this information was not provided by the authors.