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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jul 29.
Published in final edited form as: J Mol Neurosci. 2014 Jan 7;52(1):37–47. doi: 10.1007/s12031-013-0205-3

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5

Cytokine profile, expressed as the ratio between the cytokine level in DSS-treated and untreated mice. Results are expressed as fold up- or down-regulation from controls. WT were compared to VIP−/− mice. Effect of attenuation of cytokine stimulation was evaluated in WT treated with either 1 μM VIPHyb, 1 nM PG 97–269, or vehicle. Cytokine levels of a IL-6, b TNF- α, c IL-1β, d IL-2, e IL-23A, and f T-bet were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-test to calculate the p values. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001