Table 1.

Summary data showing proximal colon histopathological score in mice treated with DSS

Proximal colon	Edema	Villi shortening	Ulceration	Immune cell infiltration
WT	3.00±0.58	2.33±0.33	2.33±0.33	2.67±0.33
VIP−/−	1.00±0.29*	0±0**	0±0**	0.78±0.22*
WT+vehicle	2.80±0.39	2.20±0.53	2.30±0.54	2.90±0.38
WT+1 μM VIPHyb	1.33±0.21*	0.33±0.21**	0.33±0.21***	1.50±0.22*
WT+1 nM PG 97-269	1.67±0.33	0.83±0.40*	0.83±0.40*	1.67±0.33*

^*p<0.05,

^**p<0.01,

^***p<0.001