Table 1.
Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with current tobacco use disorder (TUD) and never-smokers
| Variables | Smokers (n = 185) | Never-smokers (n = 175) | χ 2 /F/Ψ | df | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Age (mean ± SD) |
48.7 (±10.5) |
45.7 (±7.7) |
9.78 |
1/358 |
p < 0.002 |
|
Gender Female/male |
119/66 |
120/55 |
0.73 |
1 |
0.394 |
|
Self-reported ethnicity |
|
|
|
|
|
| Caucasian |
129 |
119 |
3.55 |
1 |
0.315 |
| African |
19 |
17 |
|
|
|
| Asian |
5 |
12 |
|
|
|
| Others |
32 |
27 |
|
|
|
|
Years of education |
9.64 (±5.38) |
15.98 (±4.94) |
135.78 |
1/358 |
p < 0. <0.001 |
|
Employment status |
|
|
|
|
|
| Employed or student versus unemployed or disability support |
155/30 |
175/0 |
0.293 |
- |
<0.001 |
| Stable relationship versus other |
|
|
|
|
Pp0 0.109 |
|
Marital status |
113/72 |
121/54 |
2.57 |
1 |
|
|
BMI (kg/m
2
) |
26.6 (±5.9) |
26.5 (±4.2) |
0.20 |
1/358 |
0.887 |
|
Mood disorders Yes/no |
95/90 |
62/113 |
9.27 |
1 |
0.002 |
|
ASSIST sedative use risk Yes/no |
14/171 |
0/175 |
0.196 |
- |
<0.001 |
|
ASSIST alcohol use risk Yes/no |
33/152 |
0/175 |
0.309 |
- |
<0.001 |
| ASSIST ALL Yes/no | 44/141 | 0/175 | 0.363 | - | <0.001 |
Results of analyses of variance (ANOVAS: age, BMI), χ2 test (ethnicity, gender, marital status, mood disorders) or Fisher exact probability test (employment status, all ASSIST ratings).
Results are shown as mean ± SD.
BMI: Body Mass Index.
ASSIST: Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test.
ASSIST ALL: sedative or alcohol use risk.