Table 2.

Unit costs and disability weights (all costs in 2012 US dollars).^e

Costs					Disability weights
	South Africa	Zambia	India	Vietnam	Health state	Disability weighta
On ART, ARV drug cost (ppy)	$143	$141	$91	$105	HIV+, CD4 >350 (untreated)b	0.053
On ART, non-ARV cost (ppy)	$422	$217	$128	$198	HIV+, CD4 200–350 (untreated)	0.221
ART initiation, from pre-ART care (per initiation)	$95	$49	$29	$45	HIV+, CD4 ≤200 (untreated)	0.547
ART initiation, not in pre-ART care (per initiation)	$126	$65	$38	$59	HIV+, on ART	0.053
Pre-ART care, CD4 > 350 (ppy)	$205	$127	$73	$145	TB disease	0.331
Pre-ART care, CD4 200–350 (ppy)	$238	$139	$81	$150
Pre-ART care, CD4 ≤200 (ppy)	$359	$185	$109	$169
HIV testing & linkage: general pop. (per client)	$20	$10	$6	$9
HIV testing & linkage: FSW, MSM, PWID (per client)	$67	$34	$20	$31
Healthcare utiliz., CD4 >350, not in care (ppy)	$13	$5	$3	$2
Healthcare utiliz., CD4 200–350, not in care (ppy)	$46	$17	$11	$7
Healthcare utiliz., CD4 ≤200, not in care (ppy)	$167	$63	$39	$26
End of life cost (per death)	$160	$50	$34	$32
TB treatment (per case treated)	$364	$188	$110	$172
Supply chain management (percentage mark-up)c	20%	20%	20%	20%
Programmatic support (percentage mark-up)d	50%	50%	50%	50%

ppy = per person-year

^aDisability weights based on Salomon et al (2012).¹⁵ For individuals with co-morbidity (e.g. concurrent HIV and TB disease), disability weights were compounded multiplicatively.

^bIt was assumed that HIV-infection with CD4 ≥350 incurs the same disability, 0.053, as individuals receiving ART.

^cMark-up assessed on ARV drug cost.

^dMark-up assessed on all costs except for ARV drugs.

^eFull description of costing framework and sources of cost data described in the Supplementary Information, Section 1.3.