Table 1.

Mobile app functions in relation to PPM.

Mobile apps	Features	Core values
Predisposing apps	Provide health information to impact health perceptions, health beliefs, values, or attitudes toward behavior change (eg, providing information on risks of diabetes, including obesity).	Promoting correct perceptions about the relation between lifestyle behaviors and the development of chronic disease, as well as about the value of self-management in delaying onset of disease progression and functional loss.
Enabling apps	Teach a skill (eg, how to monitor blood pressure), provide a service; record/track behaviors (eg, an app that records blood pressure values).	Providing useful and direct help to enable people to do something.
Reinforcing apps	Interface with online community using a social network site; provide encouragement from trainers/coaches; evaluate users’ self-monitoring (eg, give an evaluation based on blood pressure values).	Strengthening behaviors through interactions, typically positive feedback; emphasis on support through interaction with users.