Table 6.

Application actions and features identified by participants as being nonintuitive or difficult to interpret.

Action/feature	Description of challenge
A “+” to add a new item	Though typically used to add a new item, the symbol had little meaning for first time users. Also, because it is often found in the top corners it is easily missed.
Go back	The back arrow is used to return the user to the previous screen but instead of testing the button, the research team was often asked, “How do I go back without losing my information?”
Cancel	The word “cancel” typically means “undo” but many participants felt it implied finality and described how they “cancel” social or service contracts such as memberships, subscriptions, and appointments.
Scrolling	Without a scrollbar, participants rarely looked for additional information.
Audio reminders	The audio alarms were inaudible to many participants, especially males.
Autocorrect	When typing, many participants focused on the keyboard and missed the autocorrect feature that would change drug names or dosage units (eg, “mcg” to “mg”).
Inconsistent terminology	Inconsistent terminology led participants miss features. For example, reminder features were called “schedule,” “dose reminder,” or “first dose” in each application.
Sample text	Greyed text was used to provide examples of data that could be entered into a field, but participants typically misinterpreted the grey text to be the information of another user.
Peripheral buttons	Participants associated a black frame as being outside of the application and noninteractive, thus overlooking peripheral buttons completely.