Figure 4.

Group results for Experiment 1. (A) Subjects' accuracy and precision relative to the entire set of 18 faces. The negative slope shows the integration of information into the ensemble percept. As more information (i.e., faces) became available (x-axis), the reported ensemble face approached the mean of the 18 faces. Improvement in performance continued beyond four faces, indicating that at least four faces were integrated into the ensemble percept. (B) Subjects are significantly more precise and accurate when judging the average identity of a group of faces compared to judging the identity of a single face. Participants benefit from redundancy or noise reduction in ensemble coding by averaging out the error that might be present in single face discrimination. Error bars represent the standard deviation of 1,000 bootstrapped samples. The shaded regions represent the 95% confidence intervals of the bootstrapped distributions. The formula and description of bootstrapping are included in the supplementary material.