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. 2014 Jul 29;9(7):e103484. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103484

Table 6. Gender differences in TIE: subscales and total score (N = 4369).

Males Females Difference t (df = 4368) p d
Perception 7.40 (1.8) 8.03 (1.7) .63 11.6 <.001 −.36
Understanding 6.78 (1.6) 7.43 (1.6) .65 13.1 <.001 −.41
Facilitation 6.55 (1.6) 7.02 (1.5) .47 9.8 <.001 −.30
Management 5.88 (1.4) 6.57 (1.4) .69 15.8 <.001 −.49
TIE total 26.62 (5.2) 29.06 (5.0) 2.44 15.5 <.001 −.48

Note. Standard deviations are indicated in parentheses. d–Cohen’s effect size indicator.