Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants in the Emory Predictive Health Initiative cohort with available serum 25(OH)D levels (N = 693)
| Characteristic | Mean ± SD or N (%) |
|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 48.2 ± 11.0 |
| Female Gender | 449 (65%) |
| Race | |
| Caucasian | 497 (71.7%) |
| African American | 156 (22.5%) |
| American Indian/Alaskan Native | 3 (0.43%) |
| Asian | 33 (4.8%) |
| Other | 1 (0.14%) |
| Mixed | 3 (0.43%) |
| Hispanic/Latino Ethnicity | 9 (1.3%) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.0 ± 6.41 |
| Percent body fat (%) | 35.9 ± 8.92 |
| Vitamin D supplement use4 | 281 (50.7%)3 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 5.0 ± 1.0 |
| Fasting insulin (pmol/L) | 41.7 ± 52.1 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHG) | 121 ± 16 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHG) | 76 ± 11 |
| Diabetes (%)5 | 41 (6.1%) |
| Hypertension (%)6 | 164 (30.4%) |
| Hyperlipidemia (%)7 | 158 (29.3%) |
| 25(OH)D (nmol/L) | 76.9 ± 30.7 |
1
n=690;
2
n=673;
3
n=554
4
Self-report of use of any supplements containing vitamin D
5
Self-reported diagnosis or fasting glucose ≥ 7 mmol/L
6
Self-reported diagnosis, use of blood pressure-lowering medication, or blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHG
7
Self-reported diagnosis or use of lipid–lowering medications