TABLE 2.
Depressive symptoms, hospitalization for depression and treatment for depression by time point, based on mixed models a
| Baseline | Follow-up Visit | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 monthsb | 1 year | 2 years | 3 years | ||
| BDI score, mean (95%CI) | 7.7(7.4–7.9) | 4.3(4.1–4.6) | 4.1(3.8–4.3) | 4.7(4.4–5.0) | 5.3(5.0–5.6) |
| Depressive symptom severity, %(SE) | |||||
| Minimal | 71.7(1.2) | 91.1(0.7) | 91.6(0.7) | 87.8(0.9) | 84.4(1.1) |
| Mild | 23.6(0.8) | 7.7(0.4) | 7.2(0.4) | 10.5(0.5) | 13.3(0.6) |
| Moderate | 4.2(0.2) | 1.1(0.1) | 1.0(0.1) | 1.5(0.1) | 2.0(0.1) |
| Severe | 0.5(0.08) | 0.1(0.02) | 0.1(0.02) | 0.2(0.03) | 0.2(0.04) |
| Hospitalization for depression, %(SE) | 0.9(0.2) | NA | 0.9(0.2) | 1.1(0.3) | 1.7(0.3) |
| Treatment for depressionc, %(SE) | 40.4(1.7) | NA | 32.0(1.7) | 33.1(1.8) | 34.6(1.9) |
| Antidepressant medication use, %(SE) | 35.3(1.8) | 24.0(1.5) | 26.7(1.7) | 27.6(1.8) | 27.5(1.8) |
| Counseling for depression, %(SE) | 14.6(0.9) | NA | 9.1(0.8) | 10.1(0.9) | 10.4(0.9) |
BDI: Beck Depression Inventory, CI: Confidence Interval, SE=Standard Error.
a
Results are based on models using all available data: depressive symptoms, n=2146; hospitalization for depression, n=2116; antidepressant medication, n=2143; counseling for depression, n=2115; and treatment for depression, n=2103.
b
Hospitalization and counseling for depression were not assessed at the six-month visit.
c
Antidepressant medication use and/or counseling.