Table 3.

 Meta-analysis of fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of all cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality

Comparison	No of studies	Cases/participants	Pooled HR* (95% CI), P value	Heterogeneity (I2), P value	Begg’s test, Egger’s test
All cause mortality
Fruit and vegetables combined	77 8 43-46 48	42 219/553 698	0.95 (0.92 to 0.98), 0.001	82, <0.001	0.76, 0.006
Fruit	79 11 13 43 45 49 51	40 192/660 186	0.94 (0.90 to 0.98), 0.002	77, <0.001	0.54, 0.02
Vegetables	79 11 13 43 45 49 51	40 192/660 186	0.95 (0.92 to 0.99), 0.006	86, <0.001	0.13, 0.36
Cardiovascular mortality
Fruit and vegetables combined	47 8 43 48	6893/469 551	0.96 (0.92 to 0.99), 0.02	42, 0.16	0.73, 0.08
Fruit	69 11-13 43 51	9744/677 674	0.95 (0.91 to 1.00), 0.03	71, 0.004	0.90, 0.28
Vegetables	69 11-13 43 51	9744/677 674	0.96 (0.93 to 0.99), 0.01	63, 0.02	0.88, 0.73
Cancer mortality
Fruit and vegetables combined	28 43	10 745/457 302	0.97 (0.90 to 1.03), 0.31	68, 0.08	—
Fruit	79 13 43 47 49-51	16 468/640 852	0.99 (0.97 to 1.00), 0.05	14, 0.33	0.37, 0.19
Vegetables	89 13 20 43 47 49-51	16 510/642 123	0.99 (0.97 to 1.01), 0.19	37, 0.13	0.27, 0.13

HR=hazard ratio.

*Per serving/day.