Table 1.
Subject characteristics according to IGF-1 groups† (n = 184)
| Characteristic | Low IGF-1 (n = 93) | High IGF-1 (n = 91) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| IGF-1, ng mL−1, median (IQR) | 55 (36–72) | 121 (112–158) | < 0.001 |
| Age, years, median (IQR) | 96.8 (95.9–98.1) | 96.7 (95.6–97.9) | 0.40 |
| Sex, female% | 73.1 | 78.0 | 0.44 |
| Height‡, in (n = 135) | 63.9 ± 3.3 | 63.2 ± 3.4 | 0.26 |
| BMI§, kg m−2 (n = 126) | 21.5 ± 3.6 | 21.6 ± 3.2 | 0.86 |
| HDL, mg dL−1, mean ± SD | 53.1 ± 14.8 | 52.5 ± 17.3 | 0.81 |
| Glucose, mg dL−1 (n = 179) | 102.2 ± 33.1 | 113.4 ± 43.2 | 0.05 |
| Insulin, µU mL−1, median (IQR) (n = 81) | 19.9 (10.7–35.7) | 26.5 (11–44.2) | 0.30 |
| HOMA-IR, median (IQR) (n = 81) | 4.9 (2.4–8.5) | 7.1 (2.4–13.5) | 0.20 |
| Cancer¶, % (n = 151) | 20.3 (15) | 24.7 (19) | 0.52 |
| Diabetes mellitus, % (n = 142) | 5.6 (4) | 8.5 (6) | 0.75 |
| Cardiovascular disease,% (n=141) | 22.5 (16) | 27.1 (19) | 0.53 |
| Cognitive impairment**, % (n = 171) | 52.4 (44) | 49.4 (43) | 0.70 |
†
Groups dichotomized at the median IGF-1 level, 96 ng mL−1.
‡
Maximum adult height.
§
BMI calculated using the maximum adult height.
¶
Cancer diagnoses exclude nonmelanoma skin cancer.
**
Defined as Mini-Mental Examination (MMSE) score < 25 or Blind MMSE score < 16.