Table 2.

Retention time, putative chemical identification, m/z and concentration of phytochemicals in quinoa leachate (QL).

Peak No.b	tR (min)	Compound	[M+H]+ (m/z)	[M-H]− (m/z)	Fragment (m/z)	Conc. (mg/g)
1	17.97	Triterpenoid derivative I		664c		-
2	18.82	Triterpenoid derivative II		664c		-
3	20.68	Quercetin trisaccharide Id	757	755	611, 303	11.68
4	21.39	Quercetin trisaccharide II	743	741	611, 465, 303	7.21
5	22.06	Quercetin trisaccharide III	743	741	611, 303	0.69
6	23.34	Kaempferol trisaccharide	741	739	595, 449, 287	5.59
7	24.62	Triterpenoid derivative III		609c		-
8	24.92	Quercetin glucoronide	479		303	0.72
9	25.26	20-Hydroxyecdysone	481	539c	463	8.60
10	29.83	Makisterone A	495		477, 459, 441	0.46
11	30.23	24-Epi-makisterone A	495		477, 459, 441	0.30
12	30.94	24(28)-Dehydromakisterone A	493		475, 457, 439	0.45
13	34.18	Ecdysteroid	465	464	447, 429	0.12
14	35.19	Steroid	427			-
15	38.73	Makisterone C	509		491	0.10
Total phytoecdysteroids						10.03
Total flavonoid glycosides						25.89

t_R= Retention time

^bPeak number, refer to Fig. 3

^cThe reported [M-H]⁻ represents an acetic acid adduct [M-H+C₂H₄O₂]-.

^dQuercetin trisaccharide I (QT-I) was identified as quercetin 3-O-(2,6-di-α-L-rhamno-pyranosyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside.