Figure 3.

Targeting the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in neurodegenerative disorders using small molecules or engineering approaches. Various events in the UPS can be targeted by compounds in order to stimulate UPS activity. Among those events are accelerating of ubiquitylation by compounds or engineered ubiquitin ligases, inhibition of deubiquitylation, inhibition of protein aggregation so that the proteins remain in a state that is permissible to proteasomal degradation and stimulation of the formation of inclusion bodies which may reduce the load of aggregation-prone proteins and preserve UPS activity.