Table 5.
Effects of PGSI subtype on gambling motivation, gambling cognitions, and impulsivity
| PGSI subtype | |||||||
| Scale | Non-problem | Problem | F(1, 228) | p | Cohen’s d | ||
| M | SD | M | SD | ||||
| Motivation | |||||||
| Amusement | 3.32 | 0.85 | 3.83 | 0.67 | 18.86 | *** | 0.66 |
| Avoidance | 1.78 | 0.71 | 2.35 | 0.80 | 30.53 | *** | 0.75 |
| Excitement | 3.49 | 0.87 | 3.74 | 0.70 | 3.16 | .08 | 0.32 |
| Money | 2.83 | 0.88 | 3.65 | 0.67 | 48.11 | *** | 1.05 |
| Social | 3.30 | 0.90 | 3.54 | 0.93 | 2.49 | .12 | 0.26 |
| Gambling-related cognition | |||||||
| Inability to stop | 1.27 | 0.58 | 2.27 | 1.27 | 65.16 | *** | 1.01 |
| Interpretive bias | 2.35 | 1.31 | 3.60 | 1.37 | 41.88 | *** | 0.93 |
| Expectancies | 2.32 | 1.10 | 3.62 | 1.29 | 59.71 | *** | 1.08 |
| Illusion of control | 1.70 | 1.01 | 2.32 | 1.18 | 25.11 | *** | 0.56 |
| Predictive control | 2.19 | 1.05 | 3.11 | 1.09 | 34.74 | *** | 0.86 |
| Impulsivity | |||||||
| Negative urgency | 2.25 | 0.55 | 2.53 | 0.51 | 13.41 | *** | 0.53 |
| Perseverance | 2.68 | 0.56 | 2.60 | 0.41 | 0.02 | .89 | 0.02 |
| Planning (lack of) | 2.87 | 0.50 | 2.85 | 0.34 | 0.01 | .81 | 0.05 |
| Positive urgency | 1.88 | 0.56 | 2.19 | 0.57 | 15.53 | *** | 0.55 |
| Sensation-seeking | 2.75 | 0.70 | 2.70 | 0.55 | 0.59 | .44 | 0.08 |
Note: ***p < .001.