TABLE 5.

Severe role impairments due to 12-month irritable depression^b versus 12-month DSM-IV/CIDI MDD^c

	Irritable depression		DSM-IV/CIDI MDD		OR	(95% CI)
	%	(SE)	%	(SE)
I. Total sample
Work	7.8a	(1.1)	23.7	(0.6)	0.3a	(0.1–0.5)
Home management	6.1a	(1.4)	25.1	(0.7)	0.2a	(0.1–0.4)
Social life	11.3a	(1.4)	27.8	(0.7)	0.3a	(0.2–0.5)
Close relationships	12.4a	(1.4)	24.2	(0.6)	0.4a	(0.3–0.6)
(n)		(230)		(5,376)		(5,606)
II. Low/lower-middle income countries
Work	6.0a	(3.0)	15.6	(1.3)	0.3	(0.1–1.0)
Home management	7.2a	(2.9)	20.9	(1.3)	0.3a	(0.1–0.7)
Social life	7.8a	(2.3)	16.3	(1.2)	0.4a	(0.2–1.0)
Close relationships	9.6a	(2.4)	17.8	(1.3)	0.4a	(0.2–1.0)
(n)		(59)		(1,065)		(1,124)
III. Upper-middle income countries
Work	13.5a	(3.3)	28.4	(1.7)	0.4	(0.1–1.3)
Home management	8.4a	(3.8)	29.1	(1.5)	0.3a	(0.1–0.8)
Social life	20.2a	(3.9)	32.7	(1.5)	0.5	(0.3–1.0)
Close relationships	18.4a	(3.9)	30.7	(1.6)	0.5	(0.3–1.0)
(n)		(56)		(1,267)		(1,323)
IV. High income countries
Work	5.4a	(0.2)	24.6	(0.8)	0.2a	(0.1–0.5)
Home management	4.5a	(1.1)	25.0	(0.9)	0.1a	(0.1–0.4)
Social life	7.9a	(1.5)	29.9	(0.9)	0.2a	(0.1–0.4)
Close relationships	10.3a	(1.7)	23.8	(0.8)	0.4	(0.2–0.7)
(n)		(115)		(3,044)		(3,159)

^aSignificant difference between irritable depression and DSM-IV/CIDI MDD in the percentage of cases with severe role impairment.

^bIrritable depression was defined broadly to include both the type based on using the 5+ of 10 symptoms rule and, in the eight surveys that included a separate interview section on episodes of persistent irritability, the type based on using irritability as an equivalent of dysphoria or anhedonia.

^cBased on a logistic regression model with a dummy predictor variable for irritable depression (coded 1) versus DSM-IV/CIDI MDD (coded 0) predicting a dichotomous outcome for severity of role impairment controlling for respondent age, gender, education, and country.