Table 1.
Comparison of JIA and JIA-U among African American and Non-Hispanic White Children
| All JIA (N = 3967) |
JIA-U (N = 459) |
JIA alone (N = 3508) |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic Characteristics1 | ||||
| Age at time of study, mean years ± SD | 11.4 ± 4.7 | 11.1 ± 4.5 | 11.5 ± 4.7 | 0.096 |
| Gender, female | 2857 (72.0%) | 353 (76.9%) | 2504 (71.4%) | 0.013* |
| Race | 0.010* | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 3747 (94.5%) | 446 (97.2%) | 3301 (94.1%) | |
| African American | 220 (5.6%) | 13 (2.8%) | 207 (5.9%) | |
| Disease Characteristics1 | ||||
| Age at arthritis onset, years ± SD | 6.4 ± 4.4 | 4.2 ± 3.6 | 6.7 ± 4.5 | < 0.001* |
| JIA, subtype, N (%) | < 0.001* | |||
| Systemic | 295 (7.5%) | 2 (0.4%) | 293 (8.4%) | < 0.001* |
| Polyarticular RF-negative | 1188 (30.3%) | 109 (24.2%) | 1079 (31.1%) | 0.003* |
| Polyarticular RF-positive | 214 (5.5%) | 3 (0.7%) | 211 (6.1%) | < 0.001* |
| Oligoarticular persistent | 1140 (29.1%) | 191 (42.4%) | 949 (27.4%) | < 0.001* |
| Oligoarticular extended | 321 (8.2%) | 66 (14.7%) | 255 (7.4%) | < 0.001* |
| Psoriatic | 251 (6.4%) | 31 (6.9%) | 220 (6.3%) | 0.655 |
| Enthesitis-related | 416 (10.6%) | 34 (7.6%) | 382 (11.0%) | 0.025* |
| Undifferentiated | 95 (2.4%) | 14 (3.1%) | 81 (2.3%) | 0.313 |
| Labs1 | ||||
| ANA-positive | 1736 (49.3%) | 270 (65.4%) | 1466 (47.1%) | < 0.001* |
| RF-positive | 129 (9.1%) | 2 (1.4%) | 127 (10.0%) | 0.001* |
| HLA-B27-positive | 324 (15.0%) | 47 (19.0%) | 277 (14.4%) | 0.057 |
| Anti-CCP-positive | 145 (9.5%) | 4 (2.9%) | 141 (10.2%) | 0.006* |
| Quality of Life Measures2, a | ||||
| Physician global assessment | 1.6 ± 1.9 | 1.3 ± 1.7 | 1.6 ± 2.0 | < 0.001* |
| CHAQb | 0.36 ± 0.60 | 0.26 ± 0.50 | 0.37 ± 0.61 | < 0.001* |
| Patient/parent pain scale score | 2.6 ± 2.6 | 2.0 ± 2.5 | 2.7 ± 2.7 | < 0.001* |
| Patient/parent overall well-being score | 2.3 ± 2.3 | 1.9 ± 2.1 | 2.4 ± 2.3 | < 0.001* |
| Health Related quality of life | 0.271 | |||
| Excellent | 957 (24.4%) | 124 (27.4%) | 833 (24.0%) | |
| Very Good | 1642 (41.9%) | 193 (42.7%) | 1449 (41.8%) | |
| Good | 1196 (30.5%) | 119 (26.3%) | 1077 (31.1%) | |
| Poor | 116 (3.0%) | 15 (3.3%) | 101 (2.9%) | |
| Very Poor | 10 (0.3%) | 1 (0.2%) | 9 (0.3%) | |
| Parent/subject assessment of disease activity | 2.6 ± 2.7 | 2.1 ± 2.6 | 2.6 ± 2.7 | < 0.001* |
| Medications ever used1 | ||||
| Daily NSAIDs | 2018 (51.4%) | 154 (34.4%) | 1864 (53.6%) | < 0.001* |
| Glucocorticoids | 2576 (65.5%) | 325 (71.9%) | 2251 (64.7%) | 0.002* |
| Non-biologics immune modulator or DMARDs | 2945 (74.5%) | 409 (89.3%) | 2536 (72.5%) | < 0.001* |
| Methotrexate subcutaneous | 1922 (65.7%) | 311 (76.8%) | 1611 (63.9%) | < 0.001* |
| Methotrexate oral | 1867 (64.1%) | 268 (67.2%) | 1599 (63.6%) | 0.171 |
| Cyclosporine A | 56 (1.9%) | 17 (4.2%) | 39 (1.6%) | < 0.001* |
| Azathioprine | 18 (0.6%) | 2 (0.5%) | 16 (0.6%) | 1.000 |
| Biologics | 1744 (44.1%) | 255 (55.7%) | 1489 (42.6%) | < 0.001* |
| Infliximab | 330 (19.0%) | 126 (49.4%) | 204 (13.7%) | < 0.001* |
| Etanercept | 1330 (76.3%) | 122 (48.4%) | 1208 (81.0%) | < 0.001* |
| Adalimumab | 514 (29.5%) | 140 (55.1%) | 374 (25.2%) | < 0.001* |
| Abatacept | 101 (5.8%) | 11 (4.3%) | 90 (6.1%) | 0.312 |
| Steroid Eye Injections | 1 (0.3%) | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.000 |
| Steroid Eye Drops | 56 (17.3%) | 51 (94.4%) | 5 (1.9%) |
*
p = <0.05.; Chi-square, two-sample or Wilcoxon rank-sum tests
a
Higher scores indicate worse disease;
b
Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire
1
N (%) unless otherwise indicated;
2
Mean ± SD