Table 2.

Results of Hierarchical Linear Models of Sensation Seeking

Fixed Effects	B	SE	t	p-value	Variance-Covariance Components Test
					Deviance	χ2 statistic	p-value
	Effects of Time
Intercept	11.989	0.531	22.600	<0.001
Age	-0.806	0.656	-1.228	0.221	7131.308	1696.718	<0.001
Linear Effect of Time	0.825	0.373	2.210	0.027
Age	1.616	0.455	3.548	<0.001	6904.369	226.939	<0.001
Quadratic Effect of Time	0.017	0.057	0.300	0.764
Age	-0.263	0.067	-3.918	<0.001	6869.128	35.242	<0.001
	Effects of Gender
Intercept	11.871	0.355	34.051	<0.001
Age	0.891	0.426	2.091	0.037
Gender	1.190	0.702	1.694	0.091	7130.786	1689.568	<0.001
Linear Effect of Time	0.928	0.099	9.329	<0.001
Age	0.071	0.122	0.582	0.561
Gender	-0.177	0.197	-0.895	0.371	6902.158	228.628	<0.001
	Effects of Race
Intercept	11.882	0.346	34.384	<0.001
Age	0.946	0.419	2.260	0.025
Contrast 1	-0.429	1.049	-0.409	0.683
Contrast 2	-1.392	1.114	-1.249	0.213	7125.602	1663.536	<0.001
Linear Effect of Time	0.922	0.100	9.450	<0.001
Age	0.062	0.117	0.526	0.599
Contrast 1	0.047	0.260	0.182	0.856
Contrast 2	0.788	0.300	2.622	0.009	6889.902	235.700	<0.001

Note. Race Contrast 1 compared differences between White and Black adolescents. Race Contrast 2 compared Black adolescents to adolescents who belonged to the “Other” racial group.