Table 3.

Clinical and histological characteristics of AF patients' LA and RA and that of SR controls' LA and RA

^*p<0.05 AF LA vs. SR LA, ^**p<0.05 AF RA vs. SR RA. AF: atrial fibrillation, LA: left atrium, RA: right atrium, SR: sinus rhythm, BMI: body mass index, BSA: body surface area, LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction, LVEDD: left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, LVESD: left ventricular end-systolic dimension, MT: Masson's trichrome, iNOS: inducible NO synthase, SDF-1: stromal cell-derived factor-1, PDGF: platelet-derived growth factor, MPO: myeloperoxidase, PCR: polymerase chain reaction