MSCs significantly improved endothelial/epithelial permeability of the lung. (A) BALF protein was significantly reduced in the MSCs treatment group compared with the PBS treatment group at day 7. (B) Similarly, total cell count in BALF was also significantly reduced in the MSCs treatment group at day 7.(C, D) Both neutrophil count in BALF and W/D of lung were not significantly different between MSCs- and PBS- treatment groups at the three time-points. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, n = 6 per group per time-point. *P < 0.05 versus the PBS treatment group at the same time-point, #P < 0.05 versus normal group, ##P < 0.01 versus normal group. Data were assessed using one-way analysis of variance with SNK-q post hoc tests.