Table 5.
Costs at baseline and differences with the follow-up measurement
| |
CVR |
COPD |
DMII |
Total sample |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean at baseline (sd) | Mean change (sd) | Range of change across DMPs | Mean at baseline (sd) | Mean change (sd) | Range of change across DMPs | Mean at baseline (sd) | Mean change (sd) | Range of change across DMPs | Mean change | Range of change across DMPs | |
| Primary care |
610 (857) |
34 (1,069) |
−510; +314 |
916 (1388) |
49 (1,601) |
−5; +155 |
941 (947) |
−84 (1,226) |
−236; +88 |
21 (1,273) |
−510; +314 |
| Outpatient hospital care |
365 (778) |
30 (954) |
−443; +259 |
654 (2,488) |
−119 (2,524) |
−272; +22 |
338 (604) |
115* (809) |
+86; +169 |
−2* (1,583) |
−443; +259 |
| Inpatient hospital care$ |
587 (3,526) |
624 (9,452) |
−551; +2,148 |
1,967 (13,256) |
320 (18,563) |
−396; +1,162 |
701 (3,714) |
−454 (4,065) |
−1,211; − 220 |
368 (12,426) |
−1,211; +2,148 |
| Medication |
370 (362) |
3 (261) |
−45; +41 |
857 (601) |
3 (417) |
−2; +6 |
518 (482) |
1 (318) |
−44; +34 |
3 (323) |
−45; +41 |
| Total healthcare utilization costs |
1,911 (4,102) |
691 (9,812) |
−1,107; +2,626 |
4,368 (14,256) |
238 (19,080) |
−672; +1,055 |
2,504 (4,015) |
−446 (4,444) |
−93; −1,066 |
382 (12,826) |
−1,107; +2,626 |
| Travelling |
74 (215) |
−2 (344) |
−113; +90 |
226 (1,190) |
−109 (1,145) |
−328; +47 |
174 (378) |
−22 (441) |
−23; −19 |
−37** (699) |
−328; +90 |
| Productivity |
1,648 (8,080) |
−495 (7,349) |
−1,988; +1,075 |
658 (4,724) |
341 (6,603) |
0; +459 |
216 (1,410) |
188 (2,656) |
−210; +454 |
−102 (6,571) |
−1,988; +1,075 |
| Total costs | 3,302 (9,006) | 468 (13,559) | −1,893; +4,269 | 5,320 (15,390) | 85 (20,354) | −1,232; +375 | 3,489 (7,605) | −517 (9,662) | −1,591; − 167 | 203 (15,448) | −1,893; +4,269 |
$inpatient hospital care costs include also emergency care costs; *(p < 0.05); **(p < 0.01); the differences are calculated subtracting the costs at baseline from the costs at follow-up; primary care costs included contacts with GP, nurse practitioner, nurse, dietician, physiotherapist, podiatrist, lifestyle coach, etc.