FIGURE 5.

Extended training while using an explicit strategy to counter a 45° rotation. The target error becomes small when the strategy is implemented (Trial 42). The target error drifts in the direction of the strategy for about 80 trials and then reverses with performance eventually becoming asymptotic with little target error. However, a large aftereffect is observed when the rotation is turned off and participants stop using the strategy, revealing the magnitude of implicit adaptation. Circles: Observed data for the group. Solid curve: Fit of the two-process model fit. (B) Implicit adaptation is based on a sensory prediction error (aiming error, gray), defined as the difference between the aiming location and the feedback location. Strategy adjustment is based on target error (black), the difference between the target location and the feedback location.