Table 2.
Stimulus–Response Conflict: Simon Task. Overview of studies where (A) no bilingual Simon advantage was identified, where (B) a bilingual Simon inhibition advantage was identified, or (C) where a bilingual overall speed advantage was identified on the Simon task. When only specific groups or experiments show an effect, they are listed next to the relevant check mark.
Study | A. No bilingual advantages | B. Bilingual inhibition advantages | C. Bilingual speed advantages |
---|---|---|---|
| |||
1. Bialystok, 2006 (n = 97, 22yo) |
√ | ||
2. Bialystok, Craik, Grady et al., 2005 (n = 29, 29yo, 10 French–English bilinguals, 9 Cantonese–English bilinguals) |
√French–English bilinguals | √Cantonese–English bilinguals | |
3. Bialystok et al., 2004 (Expt 1: n = 40, 43yo, 71.9yo; Expt 2: n = 94, 42.6yo, 70.3yo) |
√ | ||
4. Bialystok, Martin & Viswanathan, 2005 (Expt 1: n = 34, children; Expt 2: n = 40, children; Expt 3: n = 96, 20–30yo; Expt 4: n = 40, 30–59yo, 60–80yo; Expt 5: n = 94, 30–59yo, 60–80yo) |
√Expt 3 | √Expt 1, 2, 4, 5 | |
5. Martin-Rhee & Bialystok, 2008 (Expt 1: n = 34, 4.8yo; Expt 2: n = 41, 4.5yo) |
√ | ||
6. Morton & Harper, 2007 (n = 34, 6.9yo) |
√ | ||
7. Salvatierra & Rosselli, 2011 (n = 233, 26.8yo, 64.1yo) |
√26.8yo | √64.1yo | |
8. Schroeder & Marian, 2012 (n = 36, 80.8yo) |
√ |
yo = years old