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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: New Phytol. 2013 Apr 2;199(1):264–276. doi: 10.1111/nph.12247

Table 3.

Environmental variables, their Spearman correlation with genome size (GS) and their coefficients in the linear model inferred by partial least-squares regression (PLSR; results are shown for gradients in maize landraces and teosintes separately)

Landraces
 Teosintes
Environmental variable1 R (All)2 R (Balsas) R (Oaxaca) PLSR (All)3 R (All) R (Balsas) R (Jalisco) PLSR (All)
Elevation –0.381*** –0.406** –0.391* –0.462** 0.091 0.542*** –0.434*** 0.250*
Latitude –0.133 –0.405** –0.033 –0.187** 0.241* 0.536*** –0.307* 0.160
Longitude 0.387*** 0.505*** 0.240 0.515*** –0.443*** –0.476*** –0.515*** 0.195
BIO1 = Annual Mean Temperature 0.235* 0.430** 0.035 0.051* –0.127 –0.541*** 0.414** 0.015
BIO2 = Mean Diurnal Range (mean of monthly (max temp – min temp)) –0.012 0.103 0.059 0.182 –0.151 –0.326* –0.466*** –0.474***
BIO3 = Isothermality (P2/P7)(× 100) –0.028 0.104 –0.308 –0.053 –0.238* –0.764*** 0.568*** –0.593***
BIO4 = Temperature Seasonality (standard deviation × 100) –0.147 0.073 0.024 –0.068 0.284** 0.652*** –0.355** 0.186**
BIO5 = Max Temperature of Warmest Month 0.250** 0.558*** –0.070 0.113** –0.098 –0.345* 0.162 0.112
BIO6 = Min Temperature of Coldest Month 0.297** 0.400** 0.262 0.032 –0.100 –0.471*** 0.497*** 0.137
BIO7 = Temperature Annual Range –0.087 0.084 –0.089 0.117 0.164 0.428** –0.486*** –0.108
BIO8 = Mean Temperature of Wettest Quarter 0.228* 0.406** 0.035 0.030 –0.120 –0.542*** 0.363** –0.002
BIO9 = Mean Temperature of Driest Quarter 0.253** 0.465** 0.035 0.076* –0.106 –0.397** 0.345** –0.209
BIO10 = Mean Temperature of Warmest Quarter 0.228* 0.430** 0.164 0.053 –0.120 –0.493*** 0.326* 0.081
BIO11 = Mean Temperature of Coldest Quarter 0.253** 0.430** 0.035 0.061** –0.103 –0.537*** 0.476*** 0.043
BIO12 = Annual Precipitation 0.253** 0.400** 0.135 –0.055 0.071 –0.338* 0.476*** 0.211*
BIO13 = Precipitation of Wettest Month 0.325*** 0.395** 0.199 0.059 0.014 –0.406** 0.607*** –0.033
BIO14 = Precipitation of Driest Month –0.052 –0.366* 0.262 0.328** 0.194* 0.497*** –0.738*** –0.263
BIO15 = Precipitation Seasonality 0.203* 0.446** 0.369* 0.274*** –0.034 –0.278 0.454*** –0.121
BIO16 = Precipitation of Wettest Quarter 0.248** 0.395** 0.199 –0.023 0.065 –0.425** 0.509*** 0.212***
BIO17 = Precipitation of Driest Quarter 0.016 –0.311* 0.313* 0.318** 0.357*** 0.498*** –0.068 0.400*
BIO18 = Precipitation of Warmest Quarter 0.247** 0.063 –0.156 –0.328* 0.105 –0.509*** 0.589*** 0.262
BIO19 = Precipitation of Coldest Quarter 0.014 –0.174 –0.042 0.100 0.326*** 0.126 0.618*** –0.023
1

Bioclimatic variables defined as: BIO1, Annual Mean Temperature; BIO2, Mean Diurnal Range (mean of monthly (max temp – min temp)); BIO3, Isothermality (BIO2/BIO7) (× 100); BIO4, Temperature Seasonality (standard deviation × 100); BIO5, Max Temperature of Warmest Month; BIO6, Min Temperature of Coldest Month; BIO7, Temperature Annual Range (BIO5–BIO6); BIO8, Mean Temperature of Wettest Quarter; BIO9, Mean Temperature of Driest Quarter; BIO10, Mean Temperature of Warmest Quarter; BIO11, Mean Temperature of Coldest Quarter; BIO12, Annual Precipitation; BIO13, Precipitation of Wettest Month; BIO14, Precipitation of Driest Month; BIO15, Precipitation Seasonality (coefficient of variation); BIO16, Precipitation of Wettest Quarter; BIO17, Precipitation of Driest Quarter; BIO18, Precipitation of Warmest Quarter; BIO19, Precipitation of Coldest Quarter.

2

Spearman correlation coefficient R for (in parentheses) the entire sample (All) or a particular gradient (Balsas, Oaxaca, Jalisco). Significance values are denoted by asterisks: *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001.

3

The PLSR coefficient based on the total sample. Significance levels are denoted by asterisks: *, P < 0.01; **, P < 0.001; ***, P < 0.0001.