Figure 1.

An FE model of the human auditory periphery. (A) ME structures, the bony shell of the cochlea (light pink), and the scalae fluid (light purple), including the semicircular canals. (B) The stapes, RW, and BM. The SV is connected to the ST through the helicotrema, which is a hole located at the end of the BM at the apex. The various colors along the BM are used solely to distinguish neighboring sections, with each section having its own Young’s modulus and set of local coordinates. The global x, y, and z directions correspond to the lateral, superior, and anterior directions of the skull, as shown by the tilted skull image of panel A. To see this figure in color, go online.