32 rhesus macaques were vaccinated (V) as follows: Group 1, saline control (Ctrl); Group 2, BCG prime followed by an empty Ad35 (Ad35-null); Group 3, BCG prime followed by an AERAS-402; Group 4, saline (Ctrl) followed by AERAS-402. For priming, 5 × 105 CFU of BCG or saline was administered ID at wk 0. For boosting, 3 × 1010 viral particles (vp) of Ad35-null or AERAS-402 were administered AE at wk 14. All animals were challenged (C) with 275 CFU of M.tb (Erdman) at wk 26 and followed for an additional 24–26 wks or until clinical endpoint criteria were met. Immune analyses in PBMC (◆) or BAL (❖) were performed at the indicated weeks.