Table 3. Ventricular and vascular structure and function by severity of limitation in peak exercise capacity.
| Upper pVO2 tertile 15.9 (14.4, 16.9) | Middle pVO2 tertile 11.7 (11.2, 12.4) | Lower pVO2 tertile 9.4 (8.3, 10.2) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 73 | 71 | 71 | |
| LV structure and geometry | ||||
| LV diastolic dimension, cm | 4.8 (4.3, 5.4) | 4.6 (4.2, 5.0) | 4.5 (4.1, 5.1) | 0.10 |
| LV mass, g | 170 (142, 242) | 146 (122, 215) | 148 (121, 190) | 0.047 |
| LV mass index, g/m2 | 80 (64, 105) | 77 (59, 100) | 70 (58, 85) | 0.11 |
| Relative wall thickness | 0.41 (0.35, 0.50) | 0.41 (0.36, 0.50) | 0.42 (0.36, 0.47) | 0.83 |
| LV systolic function | ||||
| Ejection fraction, % | 61 (56, 68) | 60 (55, 65) | 61 (57, 65) | 0.61 |
| Stroke volume, ml | 80 (66, 95) | 78 (65, 87) | 74 (59, 90) | 0.29 |
| Stroke volume index, ml/m2 | 38 (30, 43) | 38 (31, 43) | 36 (30, 44) | 0.62 |
| Stroke work, gm-m/beat | 97 (82, 122) | 94 (77,109) | 86 (73, 109) | 0.11 |
| eFS, % | 38 (34,45) | 38 (33,42) | 37 (34,42) | 0.80 |
| mFS, % | 30 (27, 34) | 29 (26, 32) | 29 (27, 33) | 0.68 |
| cESS, g/cm2 | 116 (94, 145) | 110 (91, 140) | 110 (95, 131) | 0.82 |
| Stress corrected eFS* | 19 (16, 23) | 19 (16, 22) | 19 (16, 22) | 0.87 |
| Stress corrected mFS* | 14 (13, 17) | 15 (12, 16) | 14 (13, 16) | 0.86 |
| LV diastolic function | ||||
| E/A ratio | 1.1 (0.9, 1.8) | 1.6 (1.0, 2.6) | 1.7 (1.1, 2.6) | 0.03 |
| e' medial, cm/s | 6 (5, 8) | 6 (5, 8) | 5 (4,7) | 0.12 |
| E/e′ medial | 13 (10, 20) | 17 (12, 24) | 18 (15, 26) | 0.004 |
| Deceleration time, msec | 200 (156, 235) | 190 (159, 212) | 176 (147, 201) | 0.04 |
| LA volume index, ml/m2 | 42 (33, 57) | 54 (39, 62) | 43 (38, 55) | 0.06 |
| Diastolic function grade | 0.14 | |||
| Normal | 5 (13%) | 7 (14%) | 2 (3%) | |
| Abnormal relaxation | 1 (3%) | 1 (2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Pseudo-normal | 27 (68%) | 37 (74%) | 47 (80%) | |
| Restrictive | 7 (18%) | 5 (10%) | 10 (17%) | |
| PASP, mmHg | 36 (30, 46) | 41 (32, 49) | 47 (36, 56) | 0.006 |
| Systemic arterial function | ||||
| Pulse pressure, mmHg | 52 (46, 68) | 60 (48, 72) | 55 (47, 66) | 0.16 |
| Ea, mmHg/ml | 1.51 (1.18, 1.71) | 1.53 (1.18, 1.87) | 1.52 (1.23, 1.95) | 0.46 |
| SVR, dyne.sec.cm-5 | 1336 (1159, 1584) | 1326 (1085, 1637) | 1507 (1111, 1724) | 0.42 |
| SVRi, dyne.sec.cm-5.m2 | 2873 (2447, 3376) | 2648 (2295, 3540) | 3016 (2456, 3562) | 0.60 |
| SAC, ml.mmHg-1 | 1.45 (1.12, 1.85) | 1.27 (0.96, 1.76) | 1.33 (1.06, 1.70) | 0.20 |
| SACi, ml.mmHg-1.m-2 | 0.70 (0.55, 0.88) | 0.64 (0.50, 0.78) | 0.66 (0.53, 0.79) | 0.36 |
| Aortic distensibility, mmHg-1 | 1.42 (0.74, 2.90) | 1.06 (0.67, 1.22) | 1.20 (0.63, 2.05) | 0.14 |
Abbreviations: cESS, circumferential endocardial systolic wall stress; Ea, arterial elastance; eFS, endocardial fractional shortening; LV, left ventricle; LA, left atrial; mFS, midwall fractional shortening, PASP, pulmonary artery systolic pressure; SAC, systemic arterial compliance; SVR, systemic vascular resistance;
*
=%/log10 (g/cm2)