Table 4.

^a Multilevel Estimates for Religion and other Variables on Morality Sanctioned by the State (i.e., Giving the Government False Information) Using the ISSP

	Model 1 (baseline)		Model 2 (level 1 variables)		Model 3 (level 2 variables)		Model 4 (cross-level interaction)
	B	SE	B	SE	B	SE	B	SE
Intercept	−0.03	0.05	−0.16^**	0.05	−0.13^*	0.05	−0.13^*	0.05
Individual-level Variables
Attendance			0.01^*	0.00	0.01^*	0.01	0.01^*	0.01
Religious importance			0.08^***	0.01	0.08^***	0.01	0.09^***	0.01
Sex			0.07^***	0.01	0.07^***	0.01	0.07^***	0.01
Age			0.01^***	0.00	0.01^***	0.00	0.01^***	0.00
Degree			0.04^***	0.01	0.04^***	0.01	0.04^***	0.01
Married			0.07^***	0.01	0.07^***	0.01	0.07^***	0.01
^a Protestant			0.11^***	0.03	0.11^***	0.03	0.11^***	0.03
None			0.09^**	0.03	0.09^**	0.03	0.09^**	0.03
No answer			−0.03	0.05	−0.03	0.05	−0.03	0.05
Other			0.13^**	0.05	0.13^**	0.05	0.13^**	0.05
Orthodox			−0.05	0.05	−0.01	0.04	−0.01	0.04
Country-level Variables
Country Levels of Religiosity					−0.01	0.06	−0.07	0.09
Religious Concentration					0.27^*	0.13	0.26⁺	0.13
Migration					0.01	0.02	0.01	0.02
^a Protestant					−0.01	0.06	−.01	0.06
Orthodox					−0.32^**	0.11	−0.32^**	0.11
Corruption					−0.05^**	0.02	−.05^**	.02
Cross-level Interactions
Attendance X Country Levels of Religiosity							0.00	0.01
Religion Important X Country Levels of Religiosity							0.03	0.03
Variance Components
Individual variance, σ²	0.91		0.88		0.88		0.88
Attendance slope, τ₁₁			0.0002^*		0.0002^*		0.002^*
Religious importance slope, τ₂₂			0.0035^***		0.0035^***		0.0036^***
Country intercept, τ₀₀	0.07^***		0.07^***		0.04^***		0.04^***

⁺

<.1

<.05

^**

<.01

^***

<.001

Catholic is the comparison category.